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研究了不同密度和施氮量对玉米(Zea mays)×墨西哥大刍草(Z.mexicana)饲草产量及其构成性状的影响,结果表明,密度和施氮量对玉米×墨西哥大刍草杂种的饲草产量和产量性状影响显著。随着密度和施氮量的增加,饲草产量发生变化。饲草产量与绿叶片数、叶长、叶面积呈负相关,与密度、施氮量、主茎粗、分蘖数、叶宽、单株鲜质量呈正相关,与草长呈显著正相关(P<0.05);单株鲜质量与密度、草长、主茎粗、分蘖数、叶宽、叶面积相关显著。密度、单株鲜质量、草长对饲草产量直接作用分别在0.05、0.05、0.1水平差异显著,是影响饲草产量的重要因素。种植密度40 000株.hm-2、施氮量450kg.hm-2时,鲜草产量达到最高,为59 444.74kg.hm-2;干草产量达到最高时(12 374.39kg.hm-2)的种植密度和施氮量分别为40 000株.hm-2、600kg.hm-2。说明,玉米×墨西哥大刍草杂种种植密度在40 000株.hm-2的基础上施氮450kg.hm-2左右是饲草高产、优质的合理组合。
The effects of different densities and nitrogen application rates on the forage yield and its components of Zea mays × Z. mexicana were studied. The results showed that the effects of different densities and nitrogen rates on the forage yield Forage yield and yield traits significantly affected. With the increase of density and nitrogen application rate, forage yield changed. The yield of forage was negatively correlated with the number of leaves, leaf length and leaf area, and positively correlated with the density, nitrogen application rate, main stem diameter, tiller number, leaf width and fresh weight per plant (P <0.05). There was a significant correlation between fresh weight per plant and density, grass length, stem diameter, tiller number, leaf width and leaf area. The direct effects of density, fresh weight per plant, and grass length on forage yield were significantly different at the levels of 0.05, 0.05 and 0.1 respectively, which were the important factors affecting forage yield. The highest fresh grass yield was 59 444.74kg.hm-2 when the planting density was 40 000 hm-2 and the nitrogen application rate was 450kg.hm-2. When the hay reached the highest level (12 374.39kg.hm-2) The planting density and nitrogen application rate were 40 000 hm-2,600 kg.hm-2 respectively. The results showed that the planting density of maize × Mexican herbaceous hybrids was about 450 000 hm-2 on the basis of 40 000 hm-2, which was a reasonable combination of high-yield forage and good quality forage.