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目的:研究食管鳞癌TGF-β1、CDK 4蛋白水平及其在增殖、侵袭、转移中的作用。方法:用免疫组化方法研究TGF-β1和CDK4蛋白表达,显微镜下计数阳性细胞指数(LI),进行分析。结果:(1)TGF-β1与CDK 4表达:正常食管黏膜阳性率与食管鳞癌组织相比两指标差异均有显著性;LI后者高于前者。(2)TGF-β1和CDK 4在食管鳞癌组织中的表达与年龄、性别、不同分化级别无明显关系(P>0.05),而与淋巴结转移、食管外膜浸润临床分期有关(P<0.05)。(3)TGF-β1和CDK4两者表达呈正相关,Spearman相关系数=0.6122,P<0.0001。结论:(1)食管鳞癌中存在TGF-β1的高表达,其检测有辅助诊断价值,表达水平检测有助于判断肿瘤转移、浸润和后继治疗;其表达水平与组织分级无关,提示TGFβ1在促进肿瘤局部侵袭转移中的重大作用,有助于理解临床上一些肿瘤生物学行为与组织分级不符的现象。(2)CDK4在食管鳞癌中表达,促进了肿瘤发展、侵袭转移,是食管癌发生发展中的重要事件。(3)CDK4升高可能在某一阶段,在促使肿瘤细胞对TGF-β1介导的生长抑制和促进凋亡作用产生逃逸现象中起一定作用。
Objective: To study the protein level of TGF-β1 and CDK4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its role in proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Methods: The expressions of TGF-β1 and CDK4 protein were detected by immunohistochemistry and the positive cell index (LI) was counted under microscope. Results: (1) The expression of TGF-β1 and CDK4 were significantly different between normal esophageal mucosa and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, while the latter was higher than the former. (2) The expression of TGF-β1 and CDK4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma had no significant correlation with age, sex and differentiation (P> 0.05), but correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage of esophageal adventitia (P <0.05 ). (3) There was a positive correlation between the expression of TGF-β1 and CDK4, Spearman correlation coefficient = 0.6122, P <0.0001. Conclusion: (1) The high expression of TGF-β1 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has the value of auxiliary diagnosis. The detection of expression level is helpful to judge the metastasis, infiltration and subsequent treatment. Promote the local tumor invasion and metastasis of the major role in helping to understand some of the clinical tumor biological behavior and tissue grading phenomenon. (2) The expression of CDK4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma promotes tumor development, invasion and metastasis, which is an important event in the development of esophageal cancer. (3) Elevated CDK4 may play a role in some stage in promoting tumor cells to inhibit TGF-β1-mediated growth and promoting apoptosis.