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利用2012年世界银行关于中国工业企业的调查数据,从流程创新、产品创新和企业研发三个维度分析了短期内技术创新对就业增长的影响。结果显示,流程创新与就业增长显著负相关;产品创新与就业增长显著负相关;企业研发与就业增长负相关,但较前两者显著性较弱。进一步研究发现,与东部沿海地区相比,中西部地区技术创新的就业替代效应更为明显。鉴于上述研究结果,对现有技术创新方式和政策提出相应的对策建议。
Using 2012 World Bank survey data on China’s industrial enterprises, this paper analyzes the impact of technological innovation on employment growth in the short run from the three dimensions of process innovation, product innovation and enterprise research and development. The results show that there is a significant negative correlation between process innovation and employment growth. There is a significant negative correlation between product innovation and employment growth. Corporate research and development is negatively correlated with employment growth, but less significant than the former two. Further study found that compared with the eastern coastal areas, employment substitution effects of technological innovation in the central and western regions are more obvious. In view of the above research results, we propose corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the existing technological innovation methods and policies.