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语感,就是语言的敏感性,其中最主要的是对词语感应的灵敏度。写文章的人,大多是凭语感来遣词造句的,不可能人人都像贾岛那样字字推敲。语感灵敏者,信笔为文,妙语连珠,语感迟钝者,搜肠刮肚,不见其佳。读文章跟写文章是互为逆向的心理过程。刘勰说:“夫缀文者,情动而辞发;观文者,披文以入情。”既然写文章凭语感来遣词造句以表情达意,那么读文章亦可凭语感去辨词识句而进入意境了。 怎样凭语感去辨词识句进入意境呢?也就是说,怎样从词语的角度来较快较好地深入文章的意蕴与情蕴呢?下面,通过实例给同学们介绍一些规律性的东西。 《雷雨》一课写三十年后周朴园与鲁侍萍在周家客厅重逢。其中有这样一段对话:
The sense of language is the sensitivity of language, and the most important one is the sensitivity to words. Most of the writers use words to write sentences and make sentences. It is impossible for everyone to think like Jia Dao. Sensitive language sense, the letter is the text, witty reverberates, the language sense of dull, search the bowels, not see the good. Reading articles and writing articles are mutually opposite psychological processes. Liu Yu said: “The Fuwen literary person loves to quit and retire; the literary person who interprets the literary works is plunged into the situation.” Since the essay is written with a sense of language to send words and sentences to express emotions, then reading articles can also be used to identify words and sentences. And enter the mood. How to use the sense of language to identify words and sentences to enter the mood? That is to say, how do you go from the perspective of the words to understand the meaning and the emotions of the articles more quickly? In the following, we introduce some regular things to the students through examples. Thirty years after the lesson “Thunderstorm” was written, Zhou Puyuan and Lu Shiping met in the living room of the Zhou family. There is such a dialogue: