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“压缩气体做功使物体热能增加”的实验,《物理》第二册第95页上提供的方法是:在一个玻璃筒中,放一块浸过乙醚的棉花,将活塞迅速地压下去,使棉花燃烧。可是实际做起来,并非容易。且存在以下缺点:①乙醚有毒,有害身体;②乙醚易挥发,很难达到它的燃点;③时间较长,不易成功,鉴此,我们改用了红磷、硝酸钾与二氧化锰的混合物代替浸乙醚的棉花,只要将活塞按上1—2次就可以燃烧,且燃烧时间长亮度大,效果十分明显(实测混合物在340℃左右,便可自燃)。混合物的重量配比为;红磷2份,硝酸钾1份,二氧化锰1份°
In the experiment of “compressing the gas to increase the thermal energy of the object”, the method provided on page 95 of Book II of Physics is: In a glass cylinder, put a piece of cotton impregnated with ether, and press the piston quickly to burn the cotton. . However, it is not easy to actually do it. The following disadvantages exist: 1Ethyl ether is poisonous and harmful to the body; 2Ethyl ether is volatile and it is difficult to reach its ignition point; 3It takes a long time and is not easy to succeed. Therefore, we have used red phosphorus, a mixture of potassium nitrate and manganese dioxide. Instead of cotton soaked in ether, as long as the piston is pressed 1-2 times can be burned, and the burning time is long and bright, the effect is very obvious (measured mixture is about 340 °C, can be spontaneous combustion). The weight ratio of the mixture is: red phosphorus 2 parts, potassium nitrate 1 part, manganese dioxide 1 part °