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温度是影响棉花生长的重要因子。本文模拟田间棉花苗期及花铃期温度的异常变化 ,结合土壤主要病原菌及冰核细菌与温度之间的互作 ,初步研究了温度对棉花主要生育期的危害能力 ,结果表明 ,在 - 3～ 15℃的范围内 ,真正造成棉花烂根烂种的温度范围应当在 3～ 10℃ ,病情指数高达 90 0 0 %。将处于花铃期的棉花植株置于人工气候箱中 ,设立 3个降温梯度处理棉株 ,32～ 2 0℃降至 2 0～ 16℃ ,棉株未表现出不良症状 ;32～ 2 0℃降至 16～ 3℃ ,仅造成棉叶螨和棉蚜危害叶片萎焉、干枯 ,叶柄干枯 ,危害较轻的叶片仅边缘卷曲干枯 ,其他叶片表现正常 ;32～ 2 0℃降至 16～ 3℃ ,棉花整株受害 ,叶片似水烫状 ,失水透明 ,叶片及植株顶端干枯 ,至室温后干枯死亡。INA、立枯丝核菌和低温 (15～ 10℃ )互作可加重棉花受害程度。
Temperature is an important factor affecting the growth of cotton. In this paper, we simulated the anomalous changes of cotton seedling temperature and flower-boll temperature in field and studied the interaction between temperature and the main pathogens in the soil. The results showed that under the conditions of-3 ~ 15 ℃, the true temperature range of rotten seeds of cotton should be 3 ~ 10 ℃, and the disease index should reach 90% 0%. Cotton plants in the flower-boll stage were placed in an artificial climatic chamber, three cotton plants were treated with the temperature gradient to reduce the temperature to 20 to 16 ° C at 32 to 20 ° C, and the cotton plants did not show any adverse symptoms; 32 to 20 ° C Down to 16 ~ 3 ℃, only causing spider mites and cotton aphids harm leaves wilting, dry, petiole dry, less harmful leaves only curly edge curly, the other leaves showed normal performance; 32 ~ 20 ℃ down to 16 ~ 3 ℃, the entire cotton plant damage, leaves like hot watery, dehydration and transparency, leaves and plant top dry, to room temperature, after the death of death. INA, Rhizoctonia solani and low temperature (15 ~ 10 ℃) interaction may increase the degree of cotton damage.