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目的 研究职业暴露和吸烟对焦炉作业工人肺通气功能的影响。方法 对某焦化厂各炉炉顶、炉侧以及炉底进行环境有害物的监测;对2 34名焦炉作业工人进行吸烟指数的调查和肺通气功能测定。结果 焦炉作业环境有害物浓度呈炉顶>炉侧>炉底的趋势;吸烟的焦炉作业工人标化第一秒最大呼气量(FEV1,90 .8%±8.6 % )与第一秒最大呼气率(FEV1% ,95 .4 %±12 .4 % )均明显低于不吸烟组(10 0 .9%±14 .3%、10 8.9%±17.6 % ) ;吸烟的焦炉作业工人的标化最大肺活量(FVC)与职业接触苯溶物、苯并[a]芘和吸烟指数的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .2 4 9、- 0 .187和- 0 .36 8,FEV1与三者的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .2 5 5、- 0 .191和- 0 .388,FEV1%与三者的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .131、- 0 .10 7和- 0 .0 6 5 ;不吸烟的焦炉作业工人的FVC、FEV1和FEV1%与职业接触苯溶物的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .15 4、- 0 .0 5 2和- 0 .176 ,与苯并[a]芘的偏相关系数分别为- 0 .12 1、- 0 .0 37和- 0 .15 9。结论 焦炉作业工人肺通气功能与职业接触和吸烟指数均有一定的负相关。
Objective To study the effects of occupational exposure and smoking on pulmonary ventilation in workers exposed to coke oven. Methods Environmental monitoring was conducted on the top, the furnace side and the bottom of furnace in a coking plant. The smoking index and lung ventilation function of 2 34 coke oven workers were investigated. Results The concentration of harmful substances in coke oven operating environment showed the tendency of top> furnace side> bottom of the furnace. The maximum expiratory volume of the first second (FEV1, 90.8% ± 8.6% The maximum expiratory volume (FEV1%, 95.4% ± 12.4%) was significantly lower than that of the non-smoking group (10.9% ± 14.3%, 10 8.9% ± 17.6%). The coke oven operation The partial correlation coefficients between workers’ standardized maximum vital capacity (FVC) and occupational exposure to benzene solute, benzo [a] pyrene and smoking index were -0.249, -0.1871 and -0.336, FEV1 Partial correlation coefficients with the three were -0.225, -0.19 and -0.38 respectively, partial correlation coefficients of the FEV1% and the three were -0.1313, -0.107 and -0.0 .0 6 5; partial correlation coefficients of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1% of non-smoking coke oven workers with occupational exposure to benzene solubles were-0.154, -0.052 and -0.1776, respectively The partial correlation coefficients of benzo [a] pyrene were -0.1212, -0.037 and -0.1515, respectively. Conclusion The lung ventilation function of workers exposed to coke oven has a certain negative correlation with occupational exposure and smoking index.