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Ｐ５３基因是新确认的癌抑制基因，位于人第１７号染色体短臂上（１７Ｐ１３·１），正常野生型Ｐ５３基因像＂分子警察＂监视着细胞基因组的完整性，调控着细胞周期，是细胞生长的负调节因子。在癌细胞中野生型Ｐ５３基因常发生缺失和突变，称为突变型Ｐ５３基因，突变后会改变Ｐ５３基因原有的功能，引起细胞生长的失控和转化。在女性生殖器官恶性肿瘤中，包括宫颈癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌细胞中出现突变型Ｐ５３基因，是女性生殖器官恶性肿瘤的发生及恶性发展的重要原因之一。
The P53 gene is a newly identified cancer suppressor located on the short arm of human chromosome 17 (17P13.1). The normal wild-type P53 gene, such as Molecular Police, monitors the integrity of the cell’s genome and regulates the cell cycle, Negative regulator of growth. In cancer cells, wild-type p53 gene often deletions and mutations, known as the mutant P53 gene, mutation will change the original function of P53 gene, causing cell growth out of control and transformation. In the female genital malignancies, including cervical cancer, ovarian cancer and endometrial cancer cells appear mutant P53 gene is one of the important reasons for the occurrence and malignant development of female genital malignancies.