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首先,从294条10个碱基随机引物中,筛选出32条多态性引物,对富春江、黄河、滦河和鸭绿江等4个松江鲈鱼(Trachidermusfasciatus)野生群体共120尾个体进行RAPD分析。结果表明,松江鲈鱼野生群体的遗传多样性较丰富,其主要表现在:①在扩增得到的591个位点中,有515个(87.14%)位点呈现多态性,群体间多态位点比率(P)的大小顺序为:富春江群体89.17%>黄河群体87.99%>鸭绿江群体86.63%>滦河群体83.25%。②松江鲈鱼群体间的Shannon信息指数(IT)和Nei’s遗传多样性指数(HT)分别在0.3393~0.3566和0.2157~0.2279间,滦河群体的值较其他3群体稍低;若作为一个整体,则总的Shannon信息指数(IT)和Nei’s遗传多样性指数(HT)分别为0.3710±0.2153和0.2336±0.1643。③虽然群体间基因流值(Nm)在5.76103～19.84497间,显示各地理群体间存在程度不同的基因交流,但分子方差分析(AMOVA)结果却表明,各群体间存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)的遗传分化。④聚类分析表明,鸭绿江群体首先与黄河群体聚为一支,再与富春江群体相聚,最后与单独一支的滦河群体聚类,表明鸭绿江、黄河、富春江等3群体间的遗传距离与彼此间的地理距离远近密切相关,而滦河群体与它们的遗传距离较远。其次,从获得的S1225525bp、S1225605bp、S1225841bp、S1345695bp、S1345825bp等5个特异RAPD条带中,成功地由S1225605bp、S1225841bp条带分别转化出SCAR01560bp、SCAR02443bp的SCAR标记。这两个标记的出现频率,在鸭绿江群体最高(96.67%和93.33%)、富春江群体其次(83.33%和90%)、黄河群体再其次(56.67%和66.67%)、滦河群体最低(13.33%和20%)。因此,SCAR01560bp、SCAR02443bp可作为鉴别松江鲈鱼滦河群体与其他3群体的分子标记。
Firstly, 32 polymorphic primers were screened from 294 random primers of 10 bases, and RAPD analysis was performed on 120 individuals from four wild populations of Trachidermus fasciatus including Fuchunjiang, Yellow, Luanhe and Yalu rivers. The results showed that the genetic diversity of the wild population of Songjiang sea bass was relatively abundant. The main features were as follows: ① Among the 591 amplified loci, 515 (87.14%) showed polymorphism, The order of the points (P) was as follows: Fuchunjiang population 89.17%> Yellow population 87.99%> Yalujiang population 86.63%> Luanhe population 83.25%. ② The Shannon information index (IT) and Nei’s genetic diversity index (HT) of Songjiang sea bass were between 0.3393 ~ 0.3566 and 0.2157 ~ 0.2279, respectively, but the value of Luanhe population was slightly lower than that of the other three groups. If it was a whole, The total Shannon information index (IT) and Nei’s genetic diversity index (HT) were 0.3710 ± 0.2153 and 0.2336 ± 0.1643, respectively. ③ Although the gene flow numbers (Nm) ranged from 5.76103 to 19.84497, the results showed that there was a significant degree of gene exchange among different geographical populations. However, the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that there was a significant (P <0.05) or Significant (P <0.01) genetic differentiation. ④ Cluster analysis showed that the Yalu River first clustered together with the Yellow River and then with the Fuchun River, and finally clustered with a single Luanhe population, indicating that the genetic distance between the Yalu River, the Yellow River and the Fuchun River And the geographical distance between each other is closely related to, and Luanhe groups and their genetic distance. Second, SCAR01560bp and SCAR02443bp SCAR markers were successfully transformed from S1225525bp, S1225605bp, S1225841bp, S1345695bp and S1345825bp bands respectively by S1225605bp and S1225841bp bands. The frequencies of these two markers were the highest in the Yalujiang (96.67% and 93.33%), the second (83.33% and 90%) in the Fuchunjiang, followed by the Yellow (56.67% and 66.67%) and the lowest % And 20%). Therefore, SCAR01560bp and SCAR02443bp could be used as molecular markers to identify the Luanhe population and other three populations of Songjiang sea bass.