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目的 对上海市早产儿中心近10年间NEC临床流行病学特点进行分析,旨在加强对本病的进一步认识,早期诊断,早期干预,进一步提高早产儿存活率。方法调查1993年1月1日～2002年12月31日出生的1869例早产儿,对确诊NEC的59例临床资料进行比较分析,寻找引起NEC可能的相关因素。结果 早产儿NEC发生率为3.16％。胎龄小、体重低、胃肠道动力功能差及局部免疫应答能力低下、感染仍是NEC发病重要的影响因素。临床分度与预后密切相关。结论 减少早产儿发生率是降低NEC发病率的最好办法。加强早产儿的护理,实施正确喂养方案,促进胃肠蠕动功能,及时发现和控制感染是十分重要的预防措施。何时恢复喂养需谨慎判断。
Objective To analyze the clinical epidemiological features of NEC in Shanghai premature infant center in the recent 10 years so as to enhance the further understanding of the disease, early diagnosis and early intervention and further improve the survival rate of preterm children. Methods A total of 1869 preterm infants born from January 1, 1993 to December 31, 2002 were enrolled in this study. The clinical data of 59 patients with confirmed NEC were compared and analyzed to find out the possible related factors of NEC. Results The incidence of NEC in preterm infants was 3.16%. Small gestational age, low body weight, poor gastrointestinal motor function and low local immune response, infection is still an important factor in the pathogenesis of NEC. Clinical index and prognosis are closely related. Conclusion Reducing the incidence of preterm birth is the best way to reduce the incidence of NEC. Strengthening prenatal care, the implementation of the correct feeding program, promote gastrointestinal motility function, timely detection and control of infection is a very important preventive measure. When to resume feeding need to be judicious.