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目的了解博白县人间狂犬病流行病学特征,为制定博白县狂犬病防控策略和措施提供依据。方法收集全县2001-2007年人间狂犬病疫情资料和流行病学调查资料进行统计学分析。结果博白县2001-2007年共报告人间狂犬病病例95例,全部死亡。96.8%的病例发生在农村地区,职业为农民的占52.6%(50例),其次为学生和散居儿童,分别占29.5%和14.7%,其他占3.2%;全县25个乡镇均有发病;全年各月均有发病;93.7%的病例为犬伤所致。分析91例病例中64.8%的病例未及时对伤口进行冲洗,82.4%未及时进行清创消毒处理,仅17.6%(16例)的病例暴露后接种了狂犬疫苗,使用人狂犬病免疫球蛋白的只有5例。结论博白县人间狂犬病防制形势严峻,应加强农村卫生宣教,严格规范处理犬伤伤口,建议把免疫费用纳入新农合报销范畴,提高犬伤者的免疫接种率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of human rabies in Bobai County and provide evidence for the development of rabies prevention and control strategies and measures in Bobai County. Methods The data of human rabies epidemic and epidemiological survey data collected from 2001 to 2007 in the whole county were collected for statistical analysis. Results A total of 95 human rabies cases were reported in Bobai County from 2001 to 2007, all of them died. 96.8% of the cases occurred in rural areas, occupying 52.6% (50 cases) of farmers, followed by students and diasporas, accounting for 29.5% and 14.7%, others accounting for 3.2%; the county 25 villages and towns have the incidence; The incidence of all the year round; 93.7% of the cases caused by dog wounds. Analysis of 64.8% of 91 cases did not promptly wash the wounds, 82.4% did not timely debridement and disinfection, only 17.6% (16 cases) were vaccinated rabies vaccine, human rabies immunoglobulin only 5 cases. Conclusion The situation of human rabies control in Bobai County is severe. Health education in rural areas should be strengthened and the canine wounds should be strictly regulated. It is suggested that the immunization costs should be included in the NCMS reimbursement category to improve the immunization coverage rate.