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目的:分析新疆不同民族慢性心力衰竭(CHF)住院患者病因及药物治疗情况。方法:选择2004-01-2015-07来我院首次住院并确诊的汉、维、哈、回族CHF患者共2 058例,对其一般情况、病因构成及药物治疗进行回顾性分析。结果:CHF患者平均年龄为(59.23±13.82)岁,其中汉族平均年龄大于其他民族(均P<0.05);心功能分级以Ⅲ~Ⅳ级居多,其中汉族Ⅳ级心功能患者较维族多;汉族平均住院天数较其他民族长(均P<0.05)。CHF主要病因为冠心病、高血压性心脏病(高心病)和扩张型心肌病(扩心病),其中维族冠心病较汉族多。住院期间治疗药物以血管紧张素酶抑制剂(ACEI)/血管紧张素受体拮抗剂(ARB)、β受体阻滞剂、利尿剂、硝酸酯类药物及洋地黄为主,其中洋地黄的使用率有逐年下降趋势,ACEI/ARB类药物、β受体阻滞剂使用率呈逐年上升趋势。汉族患者洋地黄的使用率多于维族,维族ACEI/ARB、β受体阻滞剂、螺内酯的使用率多于汉族。结论:近12年来我院住院CHF患者的民族分布中,汉族最多,其次为维族、回族及哈族;4个民族主要病因构成均以冠心病为首,其次为高心病、扩心病和风心病,其中维族CHF患者患冠心病多于汉族。CHF住院患者的药物使用按照指南逐年规范化。
Objective: To analyze the etiology and medication of hospitalized patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang. Methods: A total of 2,058 CHF patients from Han, Uygur, Kazak and Hui nationalities hospitalized for the first time in our hospital from January 2004 to May 2015 were selected for retrospective analysis of their general conditions, etiology and drug treatment. Results: The mean age of CHF patients was (59.23 ± 13.82) years old, with the average age of Han nationality being greater than that of other ethnic groups (all P <0.05). The majority of grade Ⅲ ~ Ⅳ cardiac function were found in CHF patients, The average length of hospital stay was longer than other ethnic groups (P <0.05). The main causes of CHF are coronary heart disease, hypertensive heart disease (high heart disease) and dilated cardiomyopathy (heart disease), of which, Uygur and coronary heart disease are more than Han nationality. During the hospitalization of drugs with angiotensin inhibitor (ACEI) / angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), β blockers, diuretics, nitrates and digitalis dominated, which digitalis The utilization rate has declined year by year, ACEI / ARB drugs, β-blockers use rate showed a rising trend year by year. Han patients with more use of digitalis than Uighurs, Uighur ACEI / ARB, β-blockers, spironolactone use more than Han. CONCLUSION: Among the ethnic distributions of CHF patients admitted to our hospital in recent 12 years, the Han nationality is the most, followed by Uygur, Hui nationality and Kazakh nationality. The major causes of the four ethnic groups are coronary heart disease, followed by heart disease, heart disease and rheumatic heart disease. Among them, Uygur CHF patients suffering from coronary heart disease more than Han. The use of CHF in hospitalized patients is standardized year by year according to the guidelines.