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MRI在直肠癌术前评价中的价值已得到国际的公认。由于全直肠系膜切除(TME)是基于盆腔局部解剖基础提出的手术方法,在术前应用MRI成像清晰显示TME相关解剖结构和变异及其与肿瘤的关系,并能够正确识别和掌握与TME相关的MRI征象将有助于外科医生在术前更全面了解病变情况。文章从影像学角度对TME相关解剖的MR显示及其征象,直肠癌MR术前分期,环周切缘的术前判定及直肠MR成像技术4个方面做一系统的阐述和总结,以期对外科医生应用和掌握直肠癌术前MR检查有所帮助。
The value of MRI in the preoperative evaluation of rectal cancer has been internationally recognized. Because total mesorectal excision (TME) is a surgical procedure based on the basal pelvic anatomy, preoperative MRI imaging clearly shows TME related anatomical structures and variations and their relationship with tumors, and correctly identifies and masters TME-related MRI signs will help the surgeon to have a complete picture of the lesion before surgery. The article describes and summarizes the four aspects of MR imaging of TME-related anatomy and its signs, preoperative MR staging of rectal cancer, preoperative determination of circumferential margin and MR imaging of the rectum from the perspective of imaging. It is helpful for doctors to apply and master preoperative MR examination of rectal cancer.