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目的分析大面积脑梗死的临床及影响预后的因素,总结大面积脑梗死常见病因与治疗体会。方法对24例大面积脑梗死患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果高龄、高血压病、糖尿病、房颤等是大面积脑梗死的主要病因;脑疝、多器官功能衰竭是主要致死因素。结论积极控制高血压、高血糖,房颤患者口服华法林是预防大面积脑梗死发生的重要因素。脑疝是急性期死亡的主要因素。大面积脑梗死患者应积极防治各种并发症,重点是控制脑水肿、降低颅内压和防治多脏器功能衰竭;保持呼吸道通畅,尽早气管切开使用呼吸机辅助通气是降低大面积脑梗死死亡率的有效方法。
Objective To analyze the clinical and prognostic factors of large area cerebral infarction and summarize the common causes and treatment of large area cerebral infarction. Methods The clinical data of 24 patients with large area cerebral infarction were retrospectively analyzed. Results Elderly, hypertension, diabetes and atrial fibrillation were the main causes of large-area cerebral infarction. Brain hernia and multiple organ failure were the major lethal factors. Conclusions Active control of warfarin in patients with hypertension, hyperglycemia, and atrial fibrillation is an important factor in preventing large-area cerebral infarction. Hernia is a major factor in the acute phase of death. Large areas of cerebral infarction patients should actively prevent and treat various complications, the focus is to control brain edema, reduce intracranial pressure and prevent multiple organ failure; to maintain airway patency, early tracheostomy ventilator-assisted ventilation is to reduce large area cerebral infarction Effective method of mortality.