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探讨播期对不同生育类型水稻生长发育进程及产量的影响规律,为吉林省水稻品种播期选择提供理论依据。以中早熟品种长白25和中晚熟品种吉粳88为供试材料,设置5个播期处理,研究播期对水稻生育表现、产量及干物质积累的影响。结果表明,随着播期的推迟,长白25和吉粳88有效分蘖临界期均有所延迟,生育期缩短,株高、地上部干物质量下降,产量降低,且对中晚熟品种吉粳88的影响更为明显。两品种生育期缩短幅度表现为:播期每推迟7 d,长白25平均生育期缩短5~6 d,吉粳88平均生育期缩短6~7 d。播期对两品种产量构成因素影响存在明显差异,对长白25的影响表现为:每穗粒数>穗数>结实率>千粒重;而对吉粳88的影响表现为:结实率>穗数>千粒重>每穗粒数。
The effects of sowing date on the growth and development of different types of rice and the yield were investigated to provide theoretical basis for sowing dates of rice varieties in Jilin Province. The effects of sowing date on the performance of paddy rice, yield and dry matter accumulation were studied by using mid-maturing variety Changbai 25 and middle-late maturing variety Jijing 88 as test materials and five sowing dates. The results showed that with the delay of sowing date, the critical tillering stages of Changbai 25 and Jijing 88 were delayed, the growth period was shortened, the plant height, dry matter weight of aboveground parts decreased and the yield decreased. The impact is more obvious. The shortened growth period of the two cultivars showed that the average growth period of Changbai 25 shortened 5 ~ 6 days and the average growth period of Jijing 88 shortened 6 ~ 7 days for every postponed 7 days. The effects of sowing date on the yield components of two cultivars were significantly different. The effects of Changbai 25 were as follows: grain number per spike> number of spikes> seed setting rate> 1000-grain weight; while the effects on the yield of Jijing 88 were: seed setting rate> Thousand grain weight> grain number per spike.