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一、时态和语态
【考点及解题技巧】
1. 主从句时态应该保持一致，但如果宾语从句讲的是事实，用一般现在时。如：He told me that the earth moves around the sun.
2. 瞬间动词不能和现在完成时连用，尤其含有for的短语。如：He has died for three years.（错句）。可改成He has been dead for three years.或者He died three years ago. 或者It is three years since he died.
3. 現在进行时与always， continually， forever等副词连用时，具有较重的感情色彩，如表示赞许、厌烦、警告等。如：He’s always coming late for class.
4. 有些表示状态和感觉的动词一般不用于进行时态，如连系动词be;表示感情的love， like， dislike， hate， prefer等;表示感知的hear， smell， feel等;表示认知的think（认为）， believe， remember， know等;表示从属关系和某些抽象概念的动词have， belong， possess， equal， resemble等。如：They resemble each other in shape.
5. “used to 动词原形”表示过去的状态或者习惯性动作，并含有现在已经终止的意思;而would也可以表示过去的习惯，但比较强调过去的倾向。
6. 在表示时间和条件的状语从句中，一般过去时常用来代替过去将来时。如：We would not leave the office until he came back.
7. 在口语中，有些系动词，如get， grow， become， turn out等，加上及物动词的过去分词也可以构成被动语态。如：We got delayed because of the holiday traffic.
8. 在SVO句型中，如果宾语是that引导的从句，尤其当主句的谓语动词是think， say， believe， feel等词时，转换成被动语态有两种形式。如：They said that he was jealous of her success.（主动语态）→It was said that he was jealous of her success.→He was said to be jealous of her success.
9. 由“及物动词 名词 介词”的动词短语被动语态有两种形式。如They paid no attention to the problem.（主动语态）→No attention was paid to the problem. → The problem was not paid attention to.
10. 有少数动词（cut， read， write， lock， sell， shut， wash， taste， feel）的主动形式可以表示被动意义。如：These clothes wash well.这些衣服经洗。Silk feels very soft.丝绸摸起来很软。
【小试牛刀】
1. The musician along with his band members ten performances in the last three months. （2019江苏卷22）
________________
A. gives B. has given
C. have given D. give
2. A few months after he had arrived in China， Mr. Smith________
【考点及解题技巧】
1. 主从句时态应该保持一致，但如果宾语从句讲的是事实，用一般现在时。如：He told me that the earth moves around the sun.
2. 瞬间动词不能和现在完成时连用，尤其含有for的短语。如：He has died for three years.（错句）。可改成He has been dead for three years.或者He died three years ago. 或者It is three years since he died.
3. 現在进行时与always， continually， forever等副词连用时，具有较重的感情色彩，如表示赞许、厌烦、警告等。如：He’s always coming late for class.
4. 有些表示状态和感觉的动词一般不用于进行时态，如连系动词be;表示感情的love， like， dislike， hate， prefer等;表示感知的hear， smell， feel等;表示认知的think（认为）， believe， remember， know等;表示从属关系和某些抽象概念的动词have， belong， possess， equal， resemble等。如：They resemble each other in shape.
5. “used to 动词原形”表示过去的状态或者习惯性动作，并含有现在已经终止的意思;而would也可以表示过去的习惯，但比较强调过去的倾向。
6. 在表示时间和条件的状语从句中，一般过去时常用来代替过去将来时。如：We would not leave the office until he came back.
7. 在口语中，有些系动词，如get， grow， become， turn out等，加上及物动词的过去分词也可以构成被动语态。如：We got delayed because of the holiday traffic.
8. 在SVO句型中，如果宾语是that引导的从句，尤其当主句的谓语动词是think， say， believe， feel等词时，转换成被动语态有两种形式。如：They said that he was jealous of her success.（主动语态）→It was said that he was jealous of her success.→He was said to be jealous of her success.
9. 由“及物动词 名词 介词”的动词短语被动语态有两种形式。如They paid no attention to the problem.（主动语态）→No attention was paid to the problem. → The problem was not paid attention to.
10. 有少数动词（cut， read， write， lock， sell， shut， wash， taste， feel）的主动形式可以表示被动意义。如：These clothes wash well.这些衣服经洗。Silk feels very soft.丝绸摸起来很软。
【小试牛刀】
1. The musician along with his band members ten performances in the last three months. （2019江苏卷22）
________________
A. gives B. has given
C. have given D. give
2. A few months after he had arrived in China， Mr. Smith________