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一、林业概况(一)森林资源概况:西德国土总面积为24万平方公里(相当于我国广西的总面积),人口约六千万,全国森林面积约700万公顷,森林复盖率约29%,全国平均每人占有的森林面积仅为0.12公顷。全国森林总蓄积约为8.8亿立方米,按人口平均每人占有15m~3。森林树种以针叶树(云杉、松树)为主,占70%;阔叶树(山毛榉及橡树)占30%,多为同龄纯林,森林质量较高。全国平均每公顷蓄积约为126m~3,平均每公顷年生长量为6—7m~3。西德的森林分为州有林,社团所有林及私有林三种,州有林占全国森林面积的30.4%,私有林占44.4%,社团所有林占25.2%。
I. Overview of Forestry (I) Overview of Forest Resources: The total land area of West Germany is 240,000 square kilometers (equivalent to the total area of Guangxi in China) with a population of about 60 million. The national forest area is about 7 million hectares and the forest coverage rate is about 29%. The average forest area per person in the country is only 0.12 hectares. The total forest reserve in the country is about 880 million cubic meters, accounting for an average of 15 to 3 people per capita. The forest species mainly conifer (pine, spruce), accounting for 70%; broad-leaved trees (beech and oak) accounted for 30%, mostly pure forests of the same age, higher forest quality. The average volume per hectare in the country is about 126 m 3, with an average annual growth of 6-7 m 3 per hectare. West Germany’s forests are divided into state-owned forest, community-owned forest and private-owned forest three kinds of state forest accounted for 30.4% of the national forest area, private ownership accounted for 44.4%, community owned forest accounted for 25.2%.