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目的了解天津市游泳池水的水质卫生状况,找出存在的问题和原因,并提出相应的监督管理对策,预防介质传染病的暴发和流行,保障广大游泳者的身体健康。方法按照GB/T 18204-2000《公共场所卫生标准检验方法》对天津市泳池水中的细菌总数、大肠菌群、尿素进行检验。按照GB/T 5750-2006《生活饮用水标准检验方法》进行游离性余氯的检验。结果近3年合计检测游泳场所270家,合格单位192家,合格率71.11%。各年的合格率分别为64.65%、67.39%、83.54%,不同年份的合格率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.578,P<0.05)。近3年共抽检水样总项目1 682项,其中大肠菌群的合格率较高,为97.87%,细菌总数和游离性余氯次之,分别为90.05%和88.22%,尿素的合格率最低,为86.02%。不同项目游离性余氯、尿素、细菌总数、大肠菌群合格率的差异有统计学意义(χ2=39.280,P<0.01)。不同类型游泳场馆比较,酒店和学校游泳池水的合格率较高,专营体育场馆游泳池水的合格率相对较低,但3年内不同类型游泳场馆水质合格率的比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论天津市游泳池水水质卫生状况呈逐年上升趋势,水质状况改善明显,但也存在一定的安全隐患,应对游泳场所加强管理,加大公共卫生知识宣传,规范消毒剂的配置和使用剂量,及时补充新水,强化卫生监督管理,保障泳者的身体健康。
Objective To understand the sanitary status of water quality of swimming pool in Tianjin, to find out the existing problems and causes, and to put forward corresponding supervision and control measures to prevent outbreak and epidemic of infectious diseases and ensure the health of swimmers. Methods According to GB / T 18204-2000 “Sanitary Standard Test Method in Public Places”, the total number of bacteria, coliform bacteria and urea in swimming pool water in Tianjin were tested. In accordance with GB / T 5750-2006 “drinking water standard test methods” free residual chlorine test. Results In the past 3 years, a total of 270 swimming places were tested and 192 qualified units were passed, with a pass rate of 71.11%. The passing rates in each year were 64.65%, 67.39% and 83.54%, respectively. There was significant difference in pass rates in different years (χ2 = 8.578, P <0.05). In the recent three years, a total of 1 682 water sampling projects were conducted, of which the coliform passing rate was 97.87%, the total number of bacteria and free residual chlorine were secondarily, followed by 90.05% and 88.22%, respectively, while the passing rate of urea was the lowest , 86.02%. The differences of free chlorine, urea, total bacteria and coliform bacteria in different projects were statistically significant (χ2 = 39.280, P <0.01). In comparison with different types of swimming pools and stadiums, the qualified rate of swimming pool water in hotels and schools is relatively high, and the passing rate of swimming pool water in franchised sports venues is relatively low. However, there is no significant difference in passing rate of water quality between different types of swimming pools in three years > 0.05). Conclusion The water quality of swimming pool in Tianjin is rising year by year. The water quality has been improved obviously. However, there are some potential safety problems. It is necessary to strengthen the management of swimming places, increase publicity of public health knowledge, standardize the disposition and dosage of disinfectants, and replenish them in time New Water, strengthen health supervision and management, to protect the health of swimmers.