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目的了解结核病专科医院在结核病防治工作中的作用和存在的问题。方法在全国选取了3家省级结核病专科医院进行了现场调查。结果 3家省级结核病专科医院结核病床位数均在200张以上、结核病诊疗专业人员中高级职称占51.58%,设备和实验室方面优势明显。但是对患者的诊治不够规范,结核病患者的平均住院时间约为20 d;出院患者未按归口管理要求进行转诊且存在一定的中断治疗现象,部分医院患者疗程结束时失访率为90%左右;实验室痰检缺乏质控、质量有待提高;专科医院未纳入国家结核病防治工作体系,负担重,可持续发展能力不足。结论应充分发挥结核病专科医院在诊治疑难、危急重症、耐药结核病患者等方面的重要作用,将其纳入国家结核病防治工作体系,在政策和专项防治经费上给予一定的支持。
Objective To understand the role and existing problems of TB hospital in the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. Methods Three provincial TB hospitals were selected in the country to carry out on-site investigation. Results The number of tuberculosis beds in all three provincial TB hospitals was more than 200, 51.58% of them were middle and senior professional TB doctors, and the equipment and laboratories had obvious advantages. However, the diagnosis and treatment of patients is not standardized, and the average length of stay of patients with tuberculosis is about 20 days. Discharged patients are not referred according to the centralized management and there is a certain interruption of treatment. The percentage of patients lost at the end of treatment in some hospitals is about 90% ; Laboratory sputum examination lack of quality control, quality needs to be improved; specialist hospitals are not included in the national tuberculosis prevention and control system, heavy burden, lack of capacity for sustainable development. Conclusion Tuberculosis specialist hospitals should give full play to their important roles in diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome, drug-resistant tuberculosis and so on. They should be included in the national tuberculosis prevention and control work system and given some support in policies and special funds for prevention and treatment.