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目的:了解孕期饮食指导对母儿的影响。方法:将931例孕妇随机分为指导组和对照组,对指导组进行饮食指导;随访两组孕妇的血清学指标,评价孕妇营养状况,并追访母儿妊娠结局。结果:指导组蛋白质、钙、铁、维生素B2和维生素C的摄入量高于对照组,钠的摄入量低于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01);指导组血红蛋白、甘油三脂、钙、铁、镁的水平高于对照组(P<0.05),空腹血糖水平低于对照组;指导组新生儿平均体重高于对照组,其妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病、贫血及胎膜早破、足月低体重儿、胎儿宫内发育迟缓及巨大儿的发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:合理的营养指导可以改善孕妇营养状况,促进胎儿健康发育,并减少孕期母儿并发症。
Objective: To understand the impact of dietary guidance during pregnancy on maternal and child health. Methods: A total of 931 pregnant women were randomly divided into a guide group and a control group, and dietary guidance was given to the guide group. Serum indicators of pregnant women were followed up to assess the nutritional status of the pregnant women and to follow up the pregnancy outcome of the pregnant women. Results: The intake of protein, calcium, iron, vitamin B2 and vitamin C in the guide group was higher than that in the control group, and the intake of sodium was lower than that in the control group (P <0.05, P <0.01); the guidance group hemoglobin, triglyceride (P <0.05). The fasting blood glucose level was lower than that of the control group. The average weight of newborn infants in the guide group was higher than that in the control group. The gestational diabetes mellitus, gestational hypertension, anemia and Premature rupture of membranes, full-term low birth weight children, intrauterine growth retardation and macrosomia were lower than the control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Reasonable nutritional guidance can improve the nutritional status of pregnant women, promote healthy fetal development, and reduce maternal complications during pregnancy.