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目的:了解陕西省老年人群口腔健康行为和习惯,为开展老年人群口腔卫生保健工作提供基线资料。方法:采用多阶段、分层、等容量随机抽样方法,在陕西省抽取65～74岁老年人405例,进行面对面问卷调查,调查内容包括饮食习惯、吸烟、饮酒、喝茶以及日常口腔卫生行为习惯等。所有数据输入Epidata数据库,采用SPSS13.0软件包进行分析。结果:受调查者每天进食新鲜水果、甜点心、糖果/巧克力、糖水、果汁、碳酸饮料和含糖奶制品的人口比例分别为27.5%、14.3%、6.6%、17.0%、0.7%、0.5%和39.5%;其中每天进食新鲜水果、饼干/蛋糕/面包等甜点心、含糖奶制品的人口在城市显著高于乡村(P<0.01)。每天吸烟、喝酒、饮茶的人口比例分别为31.4%、33.8%和70.6%;吸烟、喝茶的城市人口比例高于乡村,男性多于女性(P<0.01);喝酒者男性较女性多(P<0.01),而在城乡之间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。每天刷牙频率在1次以上的人口占55.8%;79.3%的人未使用过牙签;牙线的使用率仅占0.7%;城市人口的刷牙率和牙签的使用率多于乡村人口。含氟牙膏的使用率为29.1%,在城乡间有显著性差异(P<0.01),在男女间差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:陕西省老年人群与口腔健康相关的行为和习惯尚待进一步提高和改善。
Objective: To understand the oral health behaviors and habits of the elderly population in Shaanxi Province and provide baseline information for oral health care in the elderly population. Methods: A total of 405 elderly people aged 65-74 years in Shaanxi Province were investigated by face-to-face questionnaires using a multi-stage, stratified and equal-capacity random sampling method. The survey included diet, smoking, drinking, drinking tea and daily oral hygiene Habits and so on. All data entered Epidata database SPSS13.0 software package for analysis. Results: The proportion of respondents who consumed fresh fruits, sweet snacks, confectionery / chocolate, syrup, fruit juice, carbonated drinks and sugary milk products per day were 27.5%, 14.3%, 6.6%, 17.0%, 0.7% and 0.5% And 39.5% respectively. Among them, fresh fruit, biscuits / cake / bread and other sweet snacks were consumed daily. The population of sugary dairy products was significantly higher in urban areas than in rural areas (P <0.01). The proportion of the population who smoke, drink and drink tea is 31.4%, 33.8% and 70.6% respectively. The proportion of urban population who smoke and drink tea is higher than that of the rural area, and there are more males than females (P <0.01) P <0.01), but no significant difference between urban and rural areas (P> 0.05). 55.8% of those who brush their teeth more than once a day, 79.3% did not use toothpicks, floss only accounted for 0.7%, urban residents had more toothbrushing rate and toothpick than rural population. The use rate of fluoride toothpaste was 29.1%, there was a significant difference between urban and rural areas (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between men and women (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The behaviors and habits related to oral health of the elderly population in Shaanxi Province need to be further improved and improved.