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目的了解山东省6~17岁青少年人群膳食钠盐摄入与高血压相关知识、态度和行为(KAB)现状。方法 2011年,根据经济发展水平和地理特征在全省所有中小学校中采用分层整群随机抽样方法,随机抽取中小学校27所,班级81个,对6~17岁中小学生4575人进行问卷调查和体格检查。儿童和青少年收缩压和(或)舒张压偏高诊断标准根据人群性别、年龄组第95百分位数。结果山东省6~17岁中小学生血压偏高总检出率为14.8%。盐与高血压KAB水平城市高于农村,女生高于男生。成年人高血压诊断标准的知晓率为14.7%,每人每天盐摄入量不宜>6g知晓率为31.5%,盐摄入量减少有助于降血压的知晓率为48.8%,赞成低盐膳食者占47.8%。结论山东省青少年人群血压偏高总检出率较高,但盐与高血压KAB水平较低,需要加强健康教育和行为干预,提高学生防控盐和高血压相关KAB水平。
Objective To understand the status quo of knowledge, attitude and behavior (KAB) related to dietary sodium intake and hypertension among adolescents aged 6 to 17 years in Shandong Province. Methods In 2011, stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted in all primary and secondary schools across the province according to the level of economic development and geographical features. 27 primary and secondary schools and 81 classes were randomly selected, and 4575 primary and secondary school students aged 6 to 17 were surveyed And physical examination. Diagnostic criteria for systolic and / or diastolic blood pressure in children and adolescents are based on the sex and age group, 95th percentile. Results The total prevalence of high blood pressure among school-age children aged 6 ~ 17 years in Shandong province was 14.8%. Salt and hypertension KAB levels higher than rural cities, girls than boys. Adults awareness of diagnostic criteria for hypertension was 14.7%, salt intake per person per day should not be> 6g awareness rate of 31.5%, reduced salt intake contribute to lower blood pressure awareness rate of 48.8%, in favor of low-salt diet Who accounted for 47.8%. Conclusion The overall prevalence of high blood pressure is high in adolescent population in Shandong Province, but the level of KAB in salt and high blood pressure is low. Health education and behavioral intervention are needed to improve students’ KAB level in preventing and controlling salt and hypertension.