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一、经济十年转型的客观前提。 (一)俄罗斯的独立及其基本“家底”情况。 俄罗斯首先独立并成为苏联遗产的主要继承者。由于众所周知的原因,1990年6月12日苏联15个加盟共和国中最有实力的俄罗斯联邦首先发表《主权宣言》,叶利钦同时当选为其总统。1991年“8.19事件”之后,叶利钦拒绝了戈尔巴乔夫关于签署新型联盟条约的建议,在1991年12月8日与乌克兰和白俄罗斯一起,签署了三国的《独立国家联合体协议》。之后不久,除格鲁吉亚和波罗的海三国外的其他加盟共和国都加入这个独联体协议,并于同年12月21日发表了《阿拉木图宣言》,正式宣布由11个独立国家组成的联合体即“独联体”成立。12月25日原来的苏维埃联盟即苏联正式宣告解体。于是,俄罗斯联邦就成了苏联物质和精神遗产的主要继承者。
First, the economic transformation of the objective ten-year premise. (A) Russia’s independence and its basic “family background” situation. Russia first became independent and became the main successor to Soviet heritage. For all the known reasons, the most powerful Russian Federation among the 15 republics of the Soviet Union issued the Declaration of Sovereignty on June 12, 1990, and Yeltsin was elected as president at the same time. Following the 8.19 incident in 1991, Yeltsin rejected Gorbachev’s proposal to sign a new alliance treaty. Together with Ukraine and Belarus on December 8, 1991, Yeltsin signed the agreement on the Commonwealth of Independent States. Shortly thereafter, all the other republics except Georgia and the Baltic Sea joined the CIS agreement and on December 21 of the same year, they issued the Almaty Declaration, officially announcing that the consortium of 11 independent nations is “ Commonwealth of Independent States ”was established. December 25 The original Soviet Union, the Soviet Union, officially declared its dissolution. Thus, the Russian Federation became the main successor to the material and spiritual heritage of the Soviet Union.