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一、词汇过关
1. prefer
【考纲释义】vi. & vt. 更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物);提出(声明、请求、控诉等)
Do you prefer coffee or tea?你喜欢咖啡还是茶?
I prefer swimming to skating.我喜欢游泳胜过滑冰。
I prefer to work rather than sit idle. 我宁愿工作不喜欢闲坐。
【知识拓展】preferencen. 偏爱,选择,更加喜爱 prefer doing (sth) to doing (sth) 喜欢……胜过…… prefer to do rather than do 宁愿……而不……prefer that... 喜欢 / 宁愿……(从句用虚拟语气) prefer a charge against sb 向某人提出控告 preference share 优先股
2. persuade
【考纲释义】vt. & vi. 说服;劝服;被说服
I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他相信了其中的真理。
My mother persuaded me to give up the attempt.我妈妈劝我放弃尝试的想法。
He persuaded her into / out of going to the party.他劝说我去 / 不去参加聚会。
【知识拓展】
persuade sb of sth / that-clause使某人相信…… persuade sb to do / into doing sth成功地说服某人做……
“说而不服, 或说而无果”应用 advise sb to do sth / try to persuade sb to do
3. finally
【考纲释义】 adv. 最后,终于,末了;不可更改地,决定性地
It’s not finally settled yet. 还没有最后决定。
Finally, he thanked them and took his leave. 最后,他向他们道谢,然后离开了。
【知识拓展】
finaladj. 最后的, n. (常用复数)决赛,期末考试
【辨析】 finally; at last; in the end; in time
at last 强调久等之后。finally 表示在一系列因素的最后一个之后, 一般位于谓语之前。 in the end, 与 finally 同义, 但可位于谓语之前或之后。 in time 表示经过一段不定的时间。
4. schedule
【考纲释义】 vt. & n. 为某事安排时间;时间表;进度表
I have a full schedule for tomorrow. 我明天的日程安排得很满。
The interview is scheduled for 10:00 a.m. 面谈预定在明天上午10点。
He is scheduled to visit the USA next year. 他计划明年访问美国。
【知识拓展】
sb be scheduled to do 某人预定做 be scheduled for安排……的时间
ahead of / on / behind /schedule (较预定时间)提前 / 落后
in the schedule 在计划表中scheduled flight 定期航班
5. determine
【考纲释义】 vt. & vi.决定,确定;决心,决意要做;使某人下决心做
Weather determines the crop output.天气决定庄稼的产量。
She determined to tell me the truth.她决定告诉我真相。
What determined her to marry him?是什么使她下决心嫁给他的?
He is determined not to go.他下决心不去了。
【知识拓展】 determinedadj.坚定的, 坚决的, 决意的 determine on / upon 决心,决定…… be determined to do sth 下决心做某事 determine (sb) to do sth使(某人)下决心做
6. view
【考纲释义】 vt.& n. 观看,注视,考虑;风景,视野,观点,见解
There is a room with a fine view of the ocean. 有一间能眺望大海的房间。
The moon disappeared from our view behind the clouds. 月亮躲进云彩里看不见了。
You should view the problem from various aspects. 你应该从各个方面考察那个问题。
People view English as a tool of international communication. 人们把英语视为国际交流的工具。
【知识拓展】
a bird’s-eye view鸟瞰; [喻]概要air one’s views / opinions / 公开发表意见in one’s view 依照某人的见解give a view of大致介绍一下 on a long view 从长远看with the view of / to doing 为……目的 distant view远景come into view 出现在眼前
二、短语诠释
1. dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事
The girl dreams of becoming a teacher like her mother.这个女孩梦想像妈妈一样当个教师。
He dreamed of / about travelling all over the world.他梦想周游全世界。
【知识拓展】
dream a strange dream 做了一个奇怪的梦 dream up(口) 凭空想出,虚构出
2. care about关心;忧虑;惦记
You shouldn’t care too much about your test score. 你用不着太在意考试成绩。
Do you care about what your neighbors think of you? 你在乎周围邻居是怎么看你的吗?
【知识拓展】
day care日托health care 卫生保健field care 田间管理 care to do愿意 / 同意做某事 have a care = with care小心,留神 take care 小心,保重 take care of 照顾 / 料care for 喜欢,照料,看护,关心in care of 由……转交(常用在信封上, 缩写c / o)
3. make up one’s mind 下决心;决定
He has made up his mind to go into business when he leaves college. 他下决心大学毕业以后经商。
Please make up your mind about what you will wear. 请决定你要穿什么衣服。
【知识拓展】
change one’s mind改变主意to one’s mind依我看,按照我的意见slip one’s mind 被(某人)无意中忘记have a good /great mind to do (非常)想做 come to mind 被想起
4. give in 投降;屈服;让步; 提出 / 交
She isn’t the type that gives in easily. 她不是那种轻易屈服的人。
You should give your old ID card to our office by 11:00.你应该在11点之前将你的旧身份证交到我们办公室。
【知识拓展】
give away赠送,泄露,丧失(好机会等)give back归还,以……报复give forth发出(气味、声音),发表give off发出(气味 / 体、声音)give up戒除,舍 / 放弃,转让give way倒塌,被……取代,屈服,让步
5. can’t wait to do = can hardly wait to do迫不及待要做某事
She couldn’t wait to get home after such a long and tiring journey.经过这次漫长而疲惫的旅行,她迫不及待地想回到家里。
I can’t wait for his return. 我迫不及待地等他回来。
【知识拓展】
wait (for sb) to do 等(某人)做某事 wait on 服侍,照料wait up(不睡觉)等候
三、句式详解
1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到骑车沿湄公河从源头到终点旅游的是我的姐姐。
强调句型:It is / was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其余部分,用来强调句子里的各种成分,以引起听者的注意。注意:强调句中it不能更换,is / was与“其余部分”的时态一致,数不受被强调部分单复数的影响,被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分,被强调部分是人可用that / who,其它一律用that。被强调部分若是原句的主语,who / that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与该主语一致。例如:
I saw John in the street this morning.
— It was I who / that saw John in the street this morning.(强调主语)
— It was John that / whom I saw in the street this morning.(强调宾语)
— It was in the street that I saw John this morning.(强调地点状语)
— It was this morning that I saw John in the street. (强调时间状语)
2. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚,她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
此句中的 that从句做insisted 的宾语。insist后面的从句中经常用虚拟语气,动词由should加动词原形构成,其中的should可以省略。在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,这类动词有ask, desire, demand, require, beg, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, order, maintain, urge, insist 等。例如:
We insisted that he (should) come to the party. 我们坚持要他来参加聚会。
The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. 医生建议他减肥。
They demanded that the company (should) make compensation for the loss. 他们要求公司为损失作出赔偿。
insist还有“主张,坚持,强调”的意思,后接(动)名词需加on / upon, 此时接宾语从句时不必用虚拟语气。例如:
I insisted on his reporting the result.我坚持要求他报告结果。
He insisted that he was innocent.他坚称自己是清白的。
3. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. 湄公河在流经云南省西部,途经深谷时变成了急流。
此句中的travellig 为现在分词,做状语, 其逻辑主语是主句的主语it ,表示主动关系。
相当于一个状语从句:It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, as / when it travels across western Yunnan Province.
现在分词作状语,在英语中非常普遍,也是高考的考点。抓住两点:1. 其逻辑主语是主句的主语,2. 逻辑主语和分词表示的动作是主动关系。再如:
Arriving in London, I lost my way. (时间状语) 到伦敦时,我迷路了。
Having smoked too much, he has suffered from lung cancer. (原因状语)由于抽烟太多,他患了肺癌。
The children were going to school laughing and talking all the way. (方式状语)孩子们一路说说笑笑到学校。
Working hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. (条件状语)如果你努力学习功课,你就能成功。
1. prefer
【考纲释义】vi. & vt. 更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物);提出(声明、请求、控诉等)
Do you prefer coffee or tea?你喜欢咖啡还是茶?
I prefer swimming to skating.我喜欢游泳胜过滑冰。
I prefer to work rather than sit idle. 我宁愿工作不喜欢闲坐。
【知识拓展】preferencen. 偏爱,选择,更加喜爱 prefer doing (sth) to doing (sth) 喜欢……胜过…… prefer to do rather than do 宁愿……而不……prefer that... 喜欢 / 宁愿……(从句用虚拟语气) prefer a charge against sb 向某人提出控告 preference share 优先股
2. persuade
【考纲释义】vt. & vi. 说服;劝服;被说服
I persuaded him of its truth. 我使他相信了其中的真理。
My mother persuaded me to give up the attempt.我妈妈劝我放弃尝试的想法。
He persuaded her into / out of going to the party.他劝说我去 / 不去参加聚会。
【知识拓展】
persuade sb of sth / that-clause使某人相信…… persuade sb to do / into doing sth成功地说服某人做……
“说而不服, 或说而无果”应用 advise sb to do sth / try to persuade sb to do
3. finally
【考纲释义】 adv. 最后,终于,末了;不可更改地,决定性地
It’s not finally settled yet. 还没有最后决定。
Finally, he thanked them and took his leave. 最后,他向他们道谢,然后离开了。
【知识拓展】
finaladj. 最后的, n. (常用复数)决赛,期末考试
【辨析】 finally; at last; in the end; in time
at last 强调久等之后。finally 表示在一系列因素的最后一个之后, 一般位于谓语之前。 in the end, 与 finally 同义, 但可位于谓语之前或之后。 in time 表示经过一段不定的时间。
4. schedule
【考纲释义】 vt. & n. 为某事安排时间;时间表;进度表
I have a full schedule for tomorrow. 我明天的日程安排得很满。
The interview is scheduled for 10:00 a.m. 面谈预定在明天上午10点。
He is scheduled to visit the USA next year. 他计划明年访问美国。
【知识拓展】
sb be scheduled to do 某人预定做 be scheduled for安排……的时间
ahead of / on / behind /schedule (较预定时间)提前 / 落后
in the schedule 在计划表中scheduled flight 定期航班
5. determine
【考纲释义】 vt. & vi.决定,确定;决心,决意要做;使某人下决心做
Weather determines the crop output.天气决定庄稼的产量。
She determined to tell me the truth.她决定告诉我真相。
What determined her to marry him?是什么使她下决心嫁给他的?
He is determined not to go.他下决心不去了。
【知识拓展】 determinedadj.坚定的, 坚决的, 决意的 determine on / upon 决心,决定…… be determined to do sth 下决心做某事 determine (sb) to do sth使(某人)下决心做
6. view
【考纲释义】 vt.& n. 观看,注视,考虑;风景,视野,观点,见解
There is a room with a fine view of the ocean. 有一间能眺望大海的房间。
The moon disappeared from our view behind the clouds. 月亮躲进云彩里看不见了。
You should view the problem from various aspects. 你应该从各个方面考察那个问题。
People view English as a tool of international communication. 人们把英语视为国际交流的工具。
【知识拓展】
a bird’s-eye view鸟瞰; [喻]概要air one’s views / opinions / 公开发表意见in one’s view 依照某人的见解give a view of大致介绍一下 on a long view 从长远看with the view of / to doing 为……目的 distant view远景come into view 出现在眼前
二、短语诠释
1. dream of / about doing sth 梦想做某事
The girl dreams of becoming a teacher like her mother.这个女孩梦想像妈妈一样当个教师。
He dreamed of / about travelling all over the world.他梦想周游全世界。
【知识拓展】
dream a strange dream 做了一个奇怪的梦 dream up(口) 凭空想出,虚构出
2. care about关心;忧虑;惦记
You shouldn’t care too much about your test score. 你用不着太在意考试成绩。
Do you care about what your neighbors think of you? 你在乎周围邻居是怎么看你的吗?
【知识拓展】
day care日托health care 卫生保健field care 田间管理 care to do愿意 / 同意做某事 have a care = with care小心,留神 take care 小心,保重 take care of 照顾 / 料care for 喜欢,照料,看护,关心in care of 由……转交(常用在信封上, 缩写c / o)
3. make up one’s mind 下决心;决定
He has made up his mind to go into business when he leaves college. 他下决心大学毕业以后经商。
Please make up your mind about what you will wear. 请决定你要穿什么衣服。
【知识拓展】
change one’s mind改变主意to one’s mind依我看,按照我的意见slip one’s mind 被(某人)无意中忘记have a good /great mind to do (非常)想做 come to mind 被想起
4. give in 投降;屈服;让步; 提出 / 交
She isn’t the type that gives in easily. 她不是那种轻易屈服的人。
You should give your old ID card to our office by 11:00.你应该在11点之前将你的旧身份证交到我们办公室。
【知识拓展】
give away赠送,泄露,丧失(好机会等)give back归还,以……报复give forth发出(气味、声音),发表give off发出(气味 / 体、声音)give up戒除,舍 / 放弃,转让give way倒塌,被……取代,屈服,让步
5. can’t wait to do = can hardly wait to do迫不及待要做某事
She couldn’t wait to get home after such a long and tiring journey.经过这次漫长而疲惫的旅行,她迫不及待地想回到家里。
I can’t wait for his return. 我迫不及待地等他回来。
【知识拓展】
wait (for sb) to do 等(某人)做某事 wait on 服侍,照料wait up(不睡觉)等候
三、句式详解
1. It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the entire Mekong River from where it begins to where it ends. 首先想到骑车沿湄公河从源头到终点旅游的是我的姐姐。
强调句型:It is / was + 被强调部分 + that / who + 其余部分,用来强调句子里的各种成分,以引起听者的注意。注意:强调句中it不能更换,is / was与“其余部分”的时态一致,数不受被强调部分单复数的影响,被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分,被强调部分是人可用that / who,其它一律用that。被强调部分若是原句的主语,who / that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上与该主语一致。例如:
I saw John in the street this morning.
— It was I who / that saw John in the street this morning.(强调主语)
— It was John that / whom I saw in the street this morning.(强调宾语)
— It was in the street that I saw John this morning.(强调地点状语)
— It was this morning that I saw John in the street. (强调时间状语)
2. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. 虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚,她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。
此句中的 that从句做insisted 的宾语。insist后面的从句中经常用虚拟语气,动词由should加动词原形构成,其中的should可以省略。在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,这类动词有ask, desire, demand, require, beg, propose, suggest, recommend, advise, order, maintain, urge, insist 等。例如:
We insisted that he (should) come to the party. 我们坚持要他来参加聚会。
The doctor suggested that he (should) try to lose weight. 医生建议他减肥。
They demanded that the company (should) make compensation for the loss. 他们要求公司为损失作出赔偿。
insist还有“主张,坚持,强调”的意思,后接(动)名词需加on / upon, 此时接宾语从句时不必用虚拟语气。例如:
I insisted on his reporting the result.我坚持要求他报告结果。
He insisted that he was innocent.他坚称自己是清白的。
3. It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, travelling across western Yunnan Province. 湄公河在流经云南省西部,途经深谷时变成了急流。
此句中的travellig 为现在分词,做状语, 其逻辑主语是主句的主语it ,表示主动关系。
相当于一个状语从句:It becomes rapids as it passes through deep valleys, as / when it travels across western Yunnan Province.
现在分词作状语,在英语中非常普遍,也是高考的考点。抓住两点:1. 其逻辑主语是主句的主语,2. 逻辑主语和分词表示的动作是主动关系。再如:
Arriving in London, I lost my way. (时间状语) 到伦敦时,我迷路了。
Having smoked too much, he has suffered from lung cancer. (原因状语)由于抽烟太多,他患了肺癌。
The children were going to school laughing and talking all the way. (方式状语)孩子们一路说说笑笑到学校。
Working hard at your lessons, you are to succeed. (条件状语)如果你努力学习功课,你就能成功。