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目的 进一步提高对支原体肺炎的认识和诊断水平。材料和方法 对１９９６年～１９９７年收住院诊治的小儿支原体肺炎３００例的临床、Ｘ线进行总结分析。结果 支原体肺炎肺部体征轻微，与Ｘ线胸部阴影显著表现不相符。病程一周左右支原体ＰＣＲ均为阳性，血清冷凝集反应９０％阳性。临床应用红霉素治疗显效。其胸部Ｘ线表现为：（１）肺间质浸润性病变９０例（占３０％）；（２）小叶实质浸润性病变５７例（占１９％）；（３）节段实质浸润性病变１５３例（占５１％），伴胸膜炎９６例（占３２％）。结论 支原体肺炎Ｘ线表现各异，易与病毒性肺炎、支气管肺炎、大叶性肺炎相混淆，但只要认识到本病是一种小儿常见病，多发病，认真分析Ｘ线征象，密切结合临床及化验室检查，是能够及时准确作出诊断。Ｘ线检查对临床治疗确定疗程有一定的指导意义。
Objective To further improve mycoplasma pneumonia awareness and diagnosis. Materials and Methods Clinical and X-ray findings of 300 children with mycoplasma pneumonia admitted in hospital from 1996 to 1997 were analyzed. Results Mycoplasma pneumonia lung signs slightly, and X-ray chest shadow did not show significant performance. About one week mycoplasma PCR were positive, 90% of the serum cold agglutination reaction was positive. Clinical application of erythromycin effective treatment. The chest X-ray showed as follows: (1) interstitial infiltration of interstitial lung in 90 cases (30%); (2) lobular parenchymal infiltration in 57 cases (19%); Cases (51%), with pleurisy in 96 cases (32%). Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumonia with different performance, easy and viral pneumonia, bronchial pneumonia, lobar pneumonia phase confused, but as long as the recognition of the disease is a common disease in children, frequently-occurring disease, careful analysis of X-ray signs, combined with clinical And laboratory tests, is able to make timely and accurate diagnosis. X-ray examination to determine the course of clinical treatment has some guiding significance.