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1967年诺贝尔发明用雷酸汞制造雷管后,传统的雷管装药,由起爆药和猛炸药两部分组成,其基本结构一直沿用至今。起爆药存在着两个致命的弱点:一是危险感度高,既对热能敏感,又对冲击、摩擦敏感,极易因外界作用而发生爆炸事故,也妨碍生产工艺自动化;二是生产起爆药过程,排出大量酚、铅、汞及其他毒物废水,严重污染环境和产生职业中毒。多年来,世界各国都在探讨和研究无起爆药雷管。据悉,美、德等国家所研制的无起药的雷管,其结构复杂、元件笨重价格高昂,且不便于成群起爆。仅限于军事导弹和口径稍大的火箭弹头使用,无法用于军、民工程爆破。
After Nobel invented detonator with mercuric acid in 1967, the traditional detonator was composed of detonating agent and explosive. Its basic structure has been used till now. Primer there are two fatal weaknesses: First, the danger of high sensitivity, both sensitive to heat, but also the impact of friction sensitive, extremely easy to cause an explosion due to external effects, but also prevent the automation of the production process; the second is the production of primer process , Discharge a large amount of phenol, lead, mercury and other toxic waste water, seriously pollute the environment and cause occupational poisoning. Over the years, all countries in the world are discussing and studying non-detonating detonators. It is reported that the United States, Germany and other countries have developed a drug-free detonator, its complex structure, bulky components expensive, and inconvenient to detonate in groups. Only for military missiles and slightly larger rocket warheads can not be used for military and civil engineering blasting.