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隧道开挖结束后施加锚杆并在孔口喷薄层混凝土是常用的支护方式,而锚固区围岩性质在支护后将发生很大变化。本文针对考虑流变岩体中隧道逐步开挖与任意时刻施加支护问题,用圆柱型正交各向异性等效锚固体模拟锚固区,并建立材料特性变化后锚固区应力与位移的计算方法。对受双向等地应力作用的深埋圆形隧道,推导了可模拟为Boltzmann粘弹性模型的岩体在开挖与支护过程中原岩区与锚固区的位移与应力的解析解答,并分析了不同位置的力学状态及和各向异性程度对原岩区和锚固区的力学状态的影响,给出了若干结论。
After the excavation of the tunnel, the application of anchors and the thin layer of concrete sprayed in the orifice are commonly used support methods. However, the properties of the surrounding rock in the anchorage zone will change greatly after the support. In this paper, considering the gradual excavation of tunnels and the application of support at any moment in rheological rock masses, the anchorage zone is simulated by using the cylindrical orthogonal anisotropic anchors, and the method of calculating the stress and displacement of the anchorage zone after the material characteristics are changed . For deep circular tunnel subjected to two-way stress, the analytical solution of the displacement and stress of the original rock area and the anchorage zone in the process of excavation and support, which can be modeled as the Boltzmann viscoelastic model, is derived and analyzed The mechanical state at different positions and the degree of anisotropy affect the mechanical state of the original rock and anchorage zone. Some conclusions are given.