论文部分内容阅读
为评价农药对两栖动物的毒性影响,以我国广布物种——中华大蟾蜍(Bufo gargarizans)和中国林蛙(Rana chensinensis)36期蝌蚪为试验材料,采用静态生物毒性试验方法测定了草甘膦、百草枯、马拉硫磷和溴氰菊酯对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性效应。结果表明,草甘膦、百草枯、马拉硫磷和溴氰菊酯对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪的96 h-LC_(50)(半致死质量浓度)分别为205.52 mg/L、8.74 mg/L、1.81mg/L和69.14μg/L,对中国林蛙蝌蚪的96 h-LC_(50)分别为184.63 mg/L、6.49 mg/L、1.67 mg/L和65.17μg/L。依据LC_(50),所测试的4种农药对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性大小一致,从大到小均为溴氰菊酯、马拉硫磷、百草枯、草甘膦;但同一种农药对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪的急性毒性大小存在差异,表现为中国林蛙蝌蚪对上述4种农药的敏感性均高于中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪。依据《化学农药环境安全评价试验准则》,对中华大蟾蜍蝌蚪和中国林蛙蝌蚪而言,草甘膦的急性毒性级别为低毒,百草枯和马拉硫磷的急性毒性级别为中毒,溴氰菊酯的急性毒性级别为剧毒。
In order to evaluate the toxic effects of pesticides on amphibians, the effects of pesticides on the toxicity of amphibians were studied. The toxicity of amphetamines to Bufo gargarizans and Rana chensinensis 36 tadpoles were tested by static biological toxicity test. Acute Toxicity of Paraquat, Malathion and Deltamethrin to Tadpoles of Bufo gargarizans and Tadpoles of Rana chensinensis. The results showed that 96 h-LC50 (LD50) of glyphosate, paraquat, malathion and deltamethrin were 205.52 mg / L and 8.74 mg / L for Tadpoles of Bufo bufo gargarizans respectively, 1.81mg / L and 69.14μg / L, respectively. The 96 h-LC50 values of tadpoles of Rana chensinensis were 184.63 mg / L, 6.49 mg / L, 1.67 mg / L and 65.17 μg / L, respectively. According to LC_ (50), the four pesticides tested showed the same acute toxicity to tadpoles of Bufo gargarizans and Tadpoles of Rana chensinensis from delta to delta, with deltamethrin, malathion, paraquat and glyphosate However, the acute toxicity of the same pesticide to Bufo bufo gargarizans Tadpoles and Rana tadpoles was different. The results showed that the sensitivity of the Chinese Rana tadpole to these four pesticides was higher than that of the Bufo bufo gargarizans. According to the Guidelines for Environmental Evaluation of Chemical Pesticides, the acute toxicity level of glyphosate is low toxicity to Tadpoles of Bufo bufo gargarizans and Tadpoles of Rana chensinensis. The acute toxicity level of paraquat and malathion is poisoning, The acute toxicity level of cypermethrin is highly toxic.