解体旅客列车鼠患调查

• 作 者: 董天义 柴兰芳 王兼焜 盛春生 邓址
• 机 构: 军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所,郑州铁路中心卫生防疫站,郑州铁路中心卫生防疫站,郑州铁路中心卫生防疫站,军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所
• 出 处: 军事医学科学院院刊
• 发表日期: 1986年01期
• 关键词: 防鼠建筑 毒饵盒 黄胸鼠 客车厂 解体车厢 鼠患 旅客列车 灭鼠 抗凝血剂 鼠巢

1981年7～10月,作者在客车厂调查解体的车厢55节(分属于16个铁路局),其中41节有鼠患。南方各路局的客车黄胸鼠是优势种,也有小家鼠,北方各路局的客车小家鼠是优势种,也有褐家鼠。餐车鼠患最严重,硬坐车和卧车次之,行李车和邮政车最轻。鼠类筑巢于夹层,沿管道活动。黄胸鼠窝巢,上部夹层最多,小家鼠窝巢,下部夹层最多。防制客车鼠患的初步设想:①建议车辆修造部门重视防鼠建筑;②根据鼠类经常出没地方的车厢结构,设计适合于固定放置的毒饵盒。

From July to October 1981, the author investigated 55 cars in the bus depot (belonging to 16 railway administrations), of which 41 were rodent. Passengers in the South Bureau of the bus rodent is the dominant species, but also Mus musculus, the North Road Administration of Mus musculus is the dominant species, but also Rattus norvegicus. Car rats suffering the most serious hard-sleeper car and followed by sleeper, luggage carts and postal vehicles the lightest. Rodents nest in the mezzanine and move along the pipeline. Rattus flavii nest, up to the mezzanine, house mouse nest nest, the most under the mezzanine. Prevention of passenger rodents tentative idea: ① recommended vehicle building department attaches importance to building rodents; ② according to the mouse haunted place of the carriage structure, designed for fixed placed bait box.