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弹簧钢丝是用18—8钢经过冷拔后,再按照所制弹簧的要求进行严格造形。因此,关键是要求这种钢丝具有良好的强度性能及足够的韧性。很明显,强度与韧性都取决于变形率。在一般情况下,也取决于急冷后形成的马氏体和残留奥氏体的组成的钢的性能。对于AlSl 301—302—304型18—8钢,拉拔冷却后强度的微小差异,我们进行了研究。通过冷拉钢丝的扭转性能试验,表明任何一级强度的微小差异,有可能得到一个最好的韧性指标。对于机械性能的鉴定,我们采用了冷扭转试验。强度特性通过扭转力τ0.05来表明,这一扭转力与表面剪力r=0.05相符;韧性可通过最大断裂表面剪切力r_R表明。
Spring steel wire is 18-8 after cold drawn steel, and then follow the requirements of the spring made strict shape. Therefore, the key is to require that the wire has good strength properties and sufficient toughness. Obviously, both strength and toughness depend on the deformation rate. In general, it also depends on the properties of the steels which are formed after quenching and which form martensite and retained austenite. For AlSl 301-302-304 type 18-8 steel, pull the cooling strength after a small difference, we conducted a study. Torsion performance tests of cold-drawn steel wire show that slight differences in strength at any one stage make it possible to obtain the best toughness index. For the identification of mechanical properties, we used a cold torsion test. The strength characteristic is indicated by the torsional force τ0.05, which corresponds to the surface shear force r = 0.05; the toughness can be indicated by the maximum fracture surface shear force r_R.