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理性人假设，又称经济人假设，或最大化原则是西方经济学中最基本的前提假设。第二个基本前提假设是信息完全假设。价格机制是传递供求信息的经济机制，信息完全假设具体体现在自由波动的价格上。最大化原则加上完全竞争假设才能推导出信息完全假设。第三个基本前提假设是市场出清假设，它与前两个基本前提假设具有明确的因果关系，是前两者的逻辑推论。现代经济学的发展围绕着对这三个基本前提假设的反思而展开
Rational person hypothesis, also known as the assumption of economic man, or maximization principle is the most basic assumptions in Western economics. The second basic assumption is that information is completely hypothetical. The price mechanism is the economic mechanism that transmits the supply and demand information, and the information is completely assumed to be embodied in the freely fluctuating price. The maximization principle plus perfect competition hypothesis can deduce the information completely hypothesis. The third basic assumption is that the market clearing hypothesis, which has a clear causal relationship with the first two basic assumptions, is the first two logical inferences. The development of modern economics revolves around the reflection of these three basic assumptions