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腮腺炎是儿童单侧获得性感音神经性聋最常见的原因。其特点是突发而严重,且可伴有前庭症状。由于病人颞骨数量有限,腮腺炎耳聋的发生机理和内耳病理至今尚未完全清楚,对其发生率也无一致的看法。作者根据十年间见到的55例腮腺炎后耳聋病人的资料,就其发生率和发病机理进行讨论。诊断系根据病史、临床过程、血清学和病毒学检查而确立。绝大多数为单侧重度或全聋,45%以上的病人有前庭症状。年龄最小者1岁半,最大者36岁,10岁以下病人38例(69.1%);男女比例27∶28。成人伴有前庭症状者较儿童为多。前庭症状改善很快,与听力损失的严重程度无关,耳聋的程度与腮腺炎的严重程度亦无关。
Mumps is the most common cause of unilateral acquired acoustic neuropathy in children. It is characterized by sudden and severe, and may be accompanied by symptoms of vestibular. Due to the limited number of temporal bones in patients, the pathogenesis of mumps deafness and the pathology of the inner ear have not yet been fully understood and there is no consensus on the incidence. The authors discuss the incidence and pathogenesis based on the data of 55 post-mumps deaf patients seen during the past decade. The diagnosis is based on medical history, clinical course, serology and virological examination. The vast majority of unilateral severe or total deafness, more than 45% of patients have vestibular symptoms. The youngest was 1 year and a half years, the largest was 36 years old, 38 patients under age 10 (69.1%); male to female ratio 27:28. Adults with more symptoms of vestibular than children. Vestibular symptoms improved rapidly, with no correlation with the severity of hearing loss, and the extent of deafness was not related to the severity of mumps.