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目的:分析研究我院抗菌药物的合理使用情况和监管方式,为临床合理使用抗生素提供有力的依据。方法:选取我院在2013年-2015年,门诊处方31828张,其中使用抗菌药物处方634张;住院病历514本,其中使用抗菌药物病历245本,占病历总数47.66%,对于抗菌药物的使用率、抗菌药物的使用强度、抗菌药物联用情况以及抗菌药物类别和抗菌药物适用人群进行统计。结果:根据统计结果显示,我院门诊处方使用抗菌药物几率为1.99%,住院病历使用抗菌药物几率为47.66%。精神科医生使用抗菌药物大多单一用药,少数联用或交替使用,严格控制限制抗生素的使用。抗菌药物使用不合理一般体现在用药剂量不合理以及无适应症用药中,使用抗菌药物的主要类别包括大环内酯类、头孢菌素类、氨基糖苷类、青霉素类以及喹诺酮类,应用频率最高的抗菌药物分别为头孢拉定胶囊、盐酸左氧氟沙星胶囊以及乳酸左氧氟沙星氯化钠注射液等。结论:我院应用抗菌药物比较合理,但是结合精神科患者的特点和精神科用药的特殊性,抗菌药物的使用依旧存在不合理现象,同时要加强对于抗菌药物的监管工作。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and study the rational use of antibacterials in our hospital and the methods of supervision so as to provide a valid basis for the rational use of antibiotics in clinics. Methods: From 2013 to 2015, we selected 31,828 out-patient prescriptions, of which 634 were prescriptions of antibiotics. There were 514 in-patient medical records, including 245 medical records of antibiotics, accounting for 47.66% of the total number of medical records. For antibacterials , The use of antimicrobial agents, the combination of antimicrobial agents and antibacterial drugs categories and antimicrobial populations for statistics. Results: According to the statistical results, the odds of using antibiotics in outpatient prescriptions in our hospital were 1.99%, and the probability of using antibiotics in inpatient records was 47.66%. Most psychiatrists use antimicrobial drugs for single use, and few use it in combination or use it interchangeably. Strict control limits the use of antibiotics. Unreasonable use of antimicrobial agents is generally reflected in the irrational dosage and non-indications medication, the main categories of antimicrobial drugs include macrolides, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, penicillins and quinolones, the most frequently used Of the antibacterial drugs were cephradine capsules, levofloxacin capsules and lactate levofloxacin sodium chloride injection. Conclusion: It is more reasonable to use antibacterials in our hospital. However, combining with the characteristics of psychiatric patients and the particularity of psychotropic drugs, the use of antibacterials still has an unreasonable phenomenon. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the supervision of antibacterials.