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采用螺旋孔型斜轧工艺加工轴承钢球,其模具加工、调试安装复杂且耗时。针对该问题,利用有限元软件Deform,对轴承钢球轧制过程进行了仿真模拟,并采用控制变量法的思想,通过改变单一参数研究了棒料尺寸、轧制温度、轧辊倾斜角度对钢球轧制成形的影响规律,从而为钢球的斜轧工艺设计提供一定的参考。研究结果表明:棒料尺寸对钢球外形影响最大,棒料尺寸不足会造成钢球带有环带沟,棒料尺寸过大会导致钢球表面金属堆积;轧制温度对轧制力影响最大,轧制温度的提高有利于降低轧制力,但会导致钢球表面的脱碳及氧化皮现象严重,因此应尽可能采用较低的轧制温度;当轧辊倾角小于轧辊螺旋升角时,在轧制过程中容易出现钢球无法旋转的情况,因此应尽可能使轧辊倾角与轧辊的螺旋升角保持一致。
The use of helical hole-type rolling process of bearing steel ball, the mold processing, debugging installation complex and time-consuming. In order to solve this problem, finite element software Deform is used to simulate the rolling process of bearing steel balls. The idea of control variable method is used to study the effects of bar size, rolling temperature and roll angle on the ball The influence law of the rolling forming, so as to provide a reference for the design of the sloping rolling process of the steel ball. The results show that the bar size has the most influence on the shape of the steel ball. If the bar size is too small, the ring groove will be formed on the steel ball. If the bar size is too large, the metal surface will accumulate on the steel ball. The rolling temperature has the greatest influence on the rolling force, Rolling temperature is conducive to reducing the rolling force, but will lead to decarburization and scale on the surface of the steel ball serious, so should be used as far as possible lower rolling temperature; when the roll angle is less than the angle of roll helix, Rolling process prone to rotation of the ball can not be the case, so as far as possible so that the roll angle and spiral roll angle consistent.