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测定了陕西关中地区不同栽培年限日光温室土壤不同形态磷素的含量,以评价土壤磷素累积特性。结果表明:与农田土壤相比,日光温室栽培土壤全磷、有效磷、水溶性磷含量显著增加,土壤表层Olsen-P和水溶性磷平均含量分别达227 mg kg-1和8.45 mg kg-1;0～20 cm土层土壤全磷、Olsen-P和水溶性磷含量平均分别为农田的1.78倍,8.00倍和3.70倍,20～40 cm土层的分别为农田的0.62倍,3.24倍和2.53倍;且随日光温室栽培年限的增加,不同形态磷的累积量呈逐年递增的趋势。日光温室土壤全磷、有效磷、水溶性磷三者关系呈显著线性相关关系,有效磷与水溶性磷达极显著正相关。表明研究地区日光温室栽培下土壤磷素过量累积带来的淋溶风险值得关注。
The contents of different forms of phosphorus in solar greenhouse with different years of cultivation in Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province were measured to evaluate the phosphorus accumulation characteristics. The results showed that compared with farmland soil, the content of total phosphorus, available phosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus in cultivated soils increased significantly, and the average contents of Olsen-P and water-soluble phosphorus in soils were 227 mg kg-1 and 8.45 mg kg-1 . The contents of soil total phosphorus, Olsen-P and water-soluble phosphorus in the 0-20 cm soil layer were 1.78 times, 8.00 times and 3.70 times higher than those in the farmland respectively, 0.62 times and 3.24 times in the 20-40 cm soil layer respectively 2.53 times; and with the increase of solar greenhouse cultivation years, the accumulation of different forms of phosphorus showed a trend of increasing year by year. There was a significant linear relationship between total phosphorus, available phosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus in solar greenhouse. There was a significant positive correlation between available phosphorus and water-soluble phosphorus. It indicates that the leaching risk caused by excessive accumulation of soil phosphorus under the greenhouse cultivation in the research area is worth attention.