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【目的】为了明确钾矿物分解细菌Bacillus globisporus Q12和Rhizobium sp.Q32最合适的产酸和胞外多糖条件,并进一步阐明供试菌株对钾长石的溶解效应及其机制。【方法】分别向培养基中加入0-1.2 g/L(NH4)2SO4,选择菌株最适的产酸及合成胞外多糖条件,研究菌株对钾长石的溶解效果,并采用扫描电镜(SEM)观察钾长石表面形态及菌体分布特征。【结果】0.6、0和0.3 g/L(NH4)2SO4分别能使菌株Q12、Q32和混合菌株(Q12+Q32)产生较多的有机酸、胞外多糖以及有机酸和胞外多糖的复合物。菌株Q12、Q32及其混合菌株均能够显著地溶解钾长石,并释放出矿质元素,其中混合菌株的溶解效果要优于单一菌株;SEM分析表明,混合菌株对钾长石的溶蚀作用最强。【结论】(NH4)2SO4的含量能够影响供试菌株Q12和Q32的生长代谢及其对钾长石的风化作用,混合菌株可以通过产生的有机酸和胞外多糖的联合作用加速对钾长石的风化。
【Objective】 In order to clarify the most suitable conditions of acid-producing and exopolysaccharide of Bacillus globisporus Q12 and Rhizobium sp.Q32, and to elucidate the dissolution effect and mechanism of test strains on K-feldspar. 【Method】 0-1.2 g / L (NH4) 2SO4 was added to the culture medium to select the optimum acidogenic and exopolysaccharide conditions of the strain, and the dissolution of the strain was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) ) To observe the surface morphology of K-feldspar and cell distribution characteristics. 【Result】 The results showed that 0.6,0 and 0.3 g / L (NH4) 2SO4 could produce more organic acids, extracellular polysaccharides and complexes of organic acids and exopolysaccharides in Q12, Q32 and Q12 + Q32, respectively . Strain Q12, Q32 and their mixed strains could significantly dissolve potash feldspar and release mineral elements, of which the mixed strains were superior to single strain. SEM analysis showed that the mixed strains had the strongest dissolution effect on potash feldspar . 【Conclusion】 The content of (NH4) 2SO4 can affect the growth and metabolism of tested strains Q12 and Q32 and their weathering effect on K-feldspar. The mixed strains can accelerate the combination of organic acids and exopolysaccharides Weathered.