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通过对籼粳交F_1体细胞愈伤组织的秋水仙素处理和四倍体花药培养,建成了水稻四倍体诱导及双单倍体分解系统。应用这一系统获得了44个籼粳交组合的双单倍体及其自交后代。对这些双单倍体及其后代的遗传分析表明,籼粳交育性可能受寡基因控制,双单倍体途径通过改变正常的世代交替过程,能部分克服籼粳交的不育性及倾籼或倾粳的偏态分离,并具有比F_2更丰富的遗传多样性。在双单倍体一代群体中,育性正常的植株约占40％,这是F_1所没有的类型。大多数育性正常的双单倍体一代植株,其自交后代仍将保持正常而稳定的育性。在双单倍体后代中,有45.06％的株系倾粳,35.80％的株系倾籼,19.14％的株系属中间型。籼粳双单倍体综合性状的稳定与常规育种相似,需较长时间。
Through the colchicine treatment and tetraploid anther culture of somatic callus of F_1 line in indica and japonica hybrids, tetraploid induction and double haploid decomposition system were established in rice. Using this system, we obtained double haploid and selfing offspring of 44 indica-japonica crosses. Genetic analysis of these double haploid and its progeny showed that the fertility of indica and japonica may be controlled by oligo genes. The double haploid pathway can partly overcome the sterility of indica and japonica hybrids and the dipper indica by changing the normal alternation process. Or tilting japonica, and has a richer genetic diversity than F_2. In the double-haploid generation population, fertile plants accounted for about 40%, which is not the type of F_1. Most fertile doubled haploid plants will maintain normal and stable fertility for their selfing offspring. Among the double haploid offspring, 45.06% of the strains were Cangjing, 35.80% of the Cangxiangyan, and 19.14% of the strains were intermediate. The stability of indica and japonica haploid integrated traits is similar to that of conventional breeding, which takes a long time.