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目的通过对丰宁县2012-2013年报告的确诊布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)病例的传染源、传播途径及发病时间、发病人群进行描述,分析该县布病从发病季节、地域、人群“三间”分布特征及主要的感染因素,为制定科学的防控策略提供依据以降低布病的发病率。方法布病疑似病例进行实验室确诊后进行网络直报,对2012-2013年传染病疫情网报告的确诊布病病例进行流行病学调查、描述性统计。结果 2012-2013年丰宁县报告确诊布病病例418例,病例集中在2~8月份,坝上和接坝地区发病率较高,年龄以青壮年男性为主,发病者均有直接或间接与羊接触史。结论自家饲养、贩卖、屠宰、直接接触尤其是皮肤破损者直接接触带菌畜是布病的主要传播途径,不排除呼吸道传播;羊为主要传染源;人群普遍易感。应加大宣传和政府资金扶持力度,让群众掌握布病的预防知识,科学养殖等综合性防控措施是降低布病发病率的有力保障。
Objective To describe the source of infection, the route of transmission, the time of onset, and the incidence of brucellosis cases reported in Fengning County in 2012-2013, and to analyze the incidence of brucellosis in Feng County from the onset season, region, population “Three ” distribution characteristics and the main infectious factors, to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control strategies to reduce the incidence of brucellosis. Methods Suspected cases of brucellosis were laboratory-confirmed after the network direct report on 2012-2013 epidemiological reports of infectious diseases epidemic reported cases of brucellosis epidemiological survey, descriptive statistics. Results In 2012-2013, 418 cases of brucellosis were diagnosed in Fengning County. The cases were concentrated in 2 ~ August. The incidence rates were higher in Bashang and Jiasha, and the age was mainly in young and middle-aged males. All the patients had direct or indirect Sheep exposure history. CONCLUSION: Direct contact with fowl-bearing animals with their own husbandry, trafficking, slaughtering and direct contact, especially with skin lesions, is the main route of transmission of brucellosis. Respiratory spread is not ruled out; sheep is the main source of infection; and the population is generally susceptible. Should increase publicity and government funding support efforts to allow people to grasp the prevention of brucellosis, scientific farming and other comprehensive prevention and control measures to reduce the incidence of brucellosis a strong guarantee.