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目的调查茂名市危险化学品生产经营企业分布情况,为职业卫生应急救援体系的评估工作奠定基础。方法采用现场问卷调查和企业申报审查相结合的方式,开展危险化学品经营情况调查,采用空间流行病学对企业分布情况进行分析。结果茂名市危险化学品生产经营企业556家。主要集中在茂南区,有507家,占全市危险化学品生产经营企业的91.19%,其次是电白区,有24家,占4.32%,其他县市25家,占4.49%。危险化学品生产经营企业分布呈现三个高密度片区,分别是河西片区、乙烯工业片区和港口片区。三个片区又相互衔接形成一条工业带。茂名市危险化学品生产企业相对集中,但仍有部分分布较为分散,河西片区距离居民区及主城区较近。结论该市危险化学品经营企业的分布情况有较大事故风险,对应急救援机构能力、反应速度、布点设置等均提出更高的要求。
Objective To investigate the distribution of hazardous chemicals production and operation enterprises in Maoming, and lay the foundation for the assessment of occupational health emergency rescue system. Methods By means of a combination of on-the-spot questionnaire survey and enterprise application examination, a survey on the operation of hazardous chemicals was carried out and the distribution of enterprises was analyzed by using space epidemiology. Results There were 556 hazardous chemicals production and operation enterprises in Maoming City. Mainly in Maonan District, 507, accounting for 91.19% of the city’s hazardous chemicals production and operation enterprises, followed by Dianbai District, with 24, accounting for 4.32%, 25 other counties, accounting for 4.49%. Distribution of hazardous chemicals production and distribution companies presented three high-density area, namely, Hexi Area, ethylene industrial area and the port area. The three areas join each other to form an industrial zone. Maoming dangerous chemicals production enterprises are relatively concentrated, but there are still some scattered distribution, Hexi area from the residential area and the main city closer. Conclusion The distribution of dangerous chemicals enterprises in this city has a greater risk of accidents and puts forward higher requirements on the capabilities of emergency rescue agencies, the speed of response and the setting of distribution points.