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过去数十年间 ,已用许多技术对黄药之类硫化矿捕收剂在黄铁矿上的吸附进行了深入研究。尽管如此 ,仍有一些问题未得到解决 ,如在黄铁矿表面上吸附的物质形式到底是双黄药还是黄原酸铁络合物并未取得一致的看法。对非黄药捕收剂体系的认识则更要少得多。过去我们已成功地用二次离子质谱法 (SIMS)获得了用于鉴定在硫化铜、方铅矿及被铜活化的石英上吸附的捕收剂形式的直接证据。本研究则是将SIMS分析延伸到研究黄药、二硫代磷酸盐、二硫代氨基甲酸盐及改性的一硫代氨基甲酸盐和硫脲在黄铁矿上的吸附。还研究了这些捕收剂在辉铜矿上的吸附以资比较。还有一个打算是获得纯双黄药在室温下的SIMS谱。检测了纯戊基双黄药的捕收剂分子离子 ,但异丁基双黄药和乙基双黄药只观察到双黄药碎片。只有在二硫代氨基甲酸盐 (DTC)的情况下 ,才获得了不仅存在捕收剂二聚物而且也存在铁 DTC络合物的直接证据。在辉铜矿上则只检测到铜 DTC络合物 (没有二聚物 )。在黄药的情况下 ,在黄铁矿上检测出捕收剂分子离子及其硫加合物 (可能是双黄药的碎片 ) ,以及显示Fe2 X的一个碎片峰。对二硫代磷酸盐 (DTP) ,检测出捕收剂分子离子和Fe(DTP) (OH)络合物 (没有二聚物 )。对改性的一硫代氨基甲酸盐和硫脲 ,在黄铁矿上的吸附量很小。
Over the past decades, many techniques have been used to study the adsorption of sulfide minerals, such as xanthate, on pyrite. In spite of this, some problems remain unsolved. For example, whether the form of the substance adsorbed on the surface of the pyrite is double xanthate or an iron xanthate complex has not been reached. There is much less recognition of non-xanthate collector systems. In the past we have succeeded in obtaining direct evidence for the identification of collectors adsorbed on copper sulfide, galena and copper-activated quartz using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). In this study, SIMS analysis was extended to study the adsorption of xanthate, dithiophosphate, dithiocarbamate and modified monothiocarbamate and thiourea on pyrite. The adsorption of these collectors on chalcocite was also studied for comparison. There is also a plan to obtain SIMS spectra of pure double xanthate at room temperature. The molecular weight of the collector of pure pentyl xanthate was tested, but only the isoxanthogen fragments were observed for the isobutyl-xanthate and the ethyl-xanthate. Only in the case of dithiocarbamates (DTCs) is direct evidence that not only the collector dimers but also the iron DTC complexes are present. Only copper DTC complexes (without dimers) were detected on the chalcocite. In the case of xanthate, collectors molecular ions and their sulfur adducts (probably fragments of lubex) were detected on pyrite and a fragment peak showing Fe2X. For dithiophosphate (DTP), collector molecule ions and Fe (DTP) (OH) complexes were detected (without dimers). For the modified monothiocarbamates and thioureas, the adsorption on pyrite is small.