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基于耦合气候系统模式FGOALS-s2的中国科学院大气物理研究所(IAP)近期气候预测系统(以下简称IAP DecPreS系统)发展了2种初始化方法:第一种采用Incremental Analysis Update(IAU)方案同化格点化的海洋温度和盐度客观分析资料EN3;第二种采用集合最优差值(EnOI)结合IAU(EnOI-IAU)的方案同化原始海洋温度和盐度观测廓线资料EN4.主要目的是比较基于2种初始化方案开展的年代际预测试验的技巧.时间相关系数、均方根技巧评分等指标均表明,基于EnOI-IAU方案的回报试验对与太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)有关的北太平洋海表面温度(SST)的回报技巧显著高于基于IAU方案的回报试验.而对于大西洋多年代际振荡(AMO),EnOI-IAU方案回报试验的技巧低于IAU方案回报试验.AMO存在副极地和热带北大西洋2个活动中心,EnOI-IAU方案在热带中心的技巧仅略低于IAU方案,但是它在热带外区域模拟出了虚假的降温趋势,因此技巧远低于后者.“,”Based on the near-term climate prediction system of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (hereafter IAP-DecPreS),we developed two distinct initialization schemes for the Coupled Global Climate Models (CGCM),FGOALS-s2.The first scheme used the Incremental Analysis Update (IAU) to assimilate gridded oceanic temperature and salinity data derived from the EN3 dataset.The second scheme used the merge of the ensemble optimal interpolation (EnOI) and IAU scheme (hereafter EnOI-IAU) to assimilate raw observational oceanic temperature and salinity profiles.The predictive skills of the decadal prediction experiments based on the two schemes were compared.Several metrics including temporal correlation and root mean square skills score indicate that the experiment based on the EnOI-IAU shows significantly higher predictive skills in the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies in the North Pacific associated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO),than the experiment based on the IAU.In contrast,for the Atlantic Multi-Decadal Oscillation (AMO),the predictive skills of the experiment based on the EnOI-IAU are lower than that based on the IAU.The AMO has two activity centers,located in the subpolar and tropical North Atlantic.The skills of the experiment based on the EnOI are close to that based on the IAU in the tropical North Atlantic,while much lower than the latter in the extratropical region due to a false simulation of the warming trend in the region.