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目的探讨泰州市姜堰区某小学流行性腮腺炎流行的主要原因,为预防和控制流行性腮腺炎提供依据。方法通过流行病学调查、结合临床表现等进行分析。结果泰州市姜堰区某小学陆续出现腮腺炎34例,罹患率为2.84%(34/1 196)。34例病例分布于5个班级,年龄在8~11岁,均为2006年11月1日前出生儿童。首例病人于2014年11月21日因发热、腮腺肿痛而就诊,2015年1月31日出现最后1例,经过21 d的最长潜伏期后,没有出现相同病例,宣告本次疫情结束。34例患者只有1例接种过麻腮风疫苗。结论部分患者没有进行严格的隔离、大量易感人群的积累是造成此次流行性腮腺炎疫情流行的主要原因。应加强学校对患病学生的隔离治疗,对家长进行教育,要求患病期间不带孩子去家教等公共场所,谨防传染给他人。只有采取综合性的防控措施,才能及时有效地控制疫情。
Objective To explore the main causes of epidemic mumps in a primary school in Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, and to provide basis for prevention and control of mumps. Methods By epidemiological investigation, combined with clinical manifestations such as analysis. Results 34 primary mumps cases were found in Jiangyan District, Taizhou City, with an attack rate of 2.84% (34/1 196). 34 cases were distributed in 5 classes, aged 8 to 11 years old, all born before November 1, 2006. The first patient was treated for fever and parotid gland on November 21, 2014. The last case appeared on January 31, 2015 and the same case was not found after the longest incubation period of 21 days, declaring the epidemic was over. Only one of the 34 patients had a MMR vaccine. Conclusion Some patients did not undergo strict isolation. The accumulation of a large number of susceptible people is the main reason for the epidemic of mumps. Schools should strengthen the isolation of sick students treatment, education of parents, requiring sick children without tutoring and other public places, beware of transmission to others. Only by taking comprehensive prevention and control measures can the epidemic be effectively controlled in a timely manner.