论文部分内容阅读
“整体大于部分之和”并不是一切系统的特征。对于非优系统而言,则情况相反——“整体小于部分之和”。它的意义是指:整体不仅没有转化或增添出部分所不曾具有的新功能,反而束缚压抑了各部分的原有功能——形成中的自组系统和耗散系统因内部的非优结构所造成的功能弱减现象;解体中的离散系统其部分之和不断从内部胀破整体外壳的过程便是这样。因而,自主性的人为系统应当摈除非优结构,组织和建构优化系统。
“The whole is greater than the sum of parts” is not a characteristic of all systems. For non-gifted systems, the opposite is true - “the whole is less than the sum of the parts.” Its meaning means that the whole not only does not transform or add new functions that the part does not have, but restrains the original functions of each part instead of forming the self-organizing system and dissipative system due to the internal non-optimal structure Caused by the phenomenon of weakening function; disintegration of the discrete system part of it and continue to swell the whole shell from the internal process is the case. Therefore, autonomous human systems should eliminate non-optimal structures, organize and construct optimized systems.