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目的掌握赣榆县病毒性肝炎疫情,为病毒性肝炎防制提供科学依据。方法酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测人HBsAg、抗-HAVIgM、抗-HBcIgM、抗-HCV、抗-HEVIgM。结果 2008-2012年共监测病毒性肝炎病例779例,年平均发病率19.68/10万。其中,甲型肝炎病例占7.3%、乙型肝炎病例占75.5%、丙型肝炎病例占4.9%、戊型肝炎病例占9.9%、未分型肝炎病例占2.4%。全年各月均有发病,无明显季节性,3月有一发病高峰;发病年龄集中在20~60岁年龄组;男女性别比3.2∶1;职业发病中农民为主,占66.2%。结论实施以疫苗接种为主导的综合防病措施,大力推广甲、乙肝疫苗的接种,有效降低了低年龄组人群的发病率。因此疫苗接种是控制病毒性肝炎的有效途径,目前防治的重点应放在20岁以上的成人。
Objective To grasp the epidemic situation of viral hepatitis in Ganyu County and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis. Methods Human HBsAg, anti-HAVIgM, anti-HBcIgM, anti-HCV and anti-HEVIgM were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Results A total of 779 cases of viral hepatitis were monitored from 2008 to 2012, with an average annual incidence of 19.68 / 100 000. Among them, hepatitis A accounted for 7.3%, hepatitis B 75.5%, hepatitis C 4.9%, hepatitis E 9.9% and non-classified hepatitis 2.4%. There was no incidence of seasonal disease in all months of the year, with a peak incidence in March; the age of onset was in the age group of 20 to 60 years old; the sex ratio of men to women was 3.2: 1; peasants dominated occupational diseases, accounting for 66.2%. Conclusion The implementation of vaccination-led integrated disease prevention measures to promote the hepatitis A and B vaccination effectively reduce the incidence of low-age groups. Therefore, vaccination is an effective way to control viral hepatitis, the current prevention and control should focus on adults over the age of 20.