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目的了解巢湖市近年来尘肺病的发展动态,为制定尘肺病防治措施提供科学依据。方法对2005~2006年新诊断尘肺病例的尘肺病例报告等相关资料进行统计分析,并与全市(2003年前)尘肺发病流行病学调查资料比较。结果两年内,新发病例37例,矽肺和煤工尘肺是尘肺主要病种,占新发病例的86.49%,发病水平发生新的变化。在区域分布上,无为、和县两县成为重点区域,两县的新发病例数占全市的89.19%。从暴露原因和危害程度分析,无为县的非公有经济性质的小煤窑企业成为最危险行业,其采煤工种成为最危险工种。Ⅰ期尘肺中,矽肺发病年龄较大,平均64.14岁,平均发病工龄43.99年,平均接尘工龄3.86年;煤工尘肺平均发病年龄较为年轻,平均39.65岁,平均发病工龄14.93年;平均接尘肺工龄13.28年,尘肺并发结核率2.70%。结论无为、和县两县成为巢湖市尘肺发病重点区域,非公有经济性质的小煤窑企业应作为治理尘肺的重点。
Objective To understand the development of pneumoconiosis in Chaohu city in recent years and provide a scientific basis for the development of pneumoconiosis prevention and control measures. Methods The data of pneumoconiosis cases newly diagnosed from 2005 to 2006 were statistically analyzed and compared with the epidemiological data of pneumoconiosis in the whole city (before 2003). Results In two years, 37 cases of newly diagnosed cases, pneumoconiosis and coal workers’ pneumoconiosis were the main types of pneumoconiosis, accounting for 86.49% of the newly diagnosed cases, with new changes in the incidence. In terms of regional distribution, Wuwei and county counties became the key areas, accounting for 89.19% of the new cases in both counties. From the analysis of the reasons for the exposure and the degree of harm, the non-public economic small-scale coal enterprises in Wuwei County are the most dangerous industries, and the coal mining types have become the most dangerous ones. Stage I pneumoconiosis, silicosis older, average 64.14 years, the average age of 43.99 years of service, the average dusting service life of 3.86 years; coal workers pneumoconiosis average age of onset is younger, with an average age of 39.65 years, the average length of service 14.93 years; The length of service was 13.28 years and the rate of concurrent pneumoconiosis was 2.70%. Conclusion Inaction, county and county as the focus of pneumoconiosis in Chaohu City, non-public economy small coal enterprises should focus on governance pneumoconiosis.