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笔者采用1/2P(P+1)双列设计,选用Griffing方法Ⅱ模型Ⅰ和Hayman提出的Wr和Vr回归法与和差方差法,在旱地条件下研究了不同生态地区八个旱地小麦品种十个单株产量性状的配合力和遗传模型,现将结果报道如下。1 杂种一代的配合力 双亲G·c·a都高,能否组配出高S·c·a组合,还要受到具体性状的限制。配合力分析表明,同一性状不同亲本杂交,F_1差异较大,同一亲本在不同性状上同时表现多个高G·c·a·挑选前五名高S·c·a组合,发现在株高、穗下节距和株穗数上,双亲G·c·a以高×高组配的有63.6％,而在株粒数、百粒重和株粒重上以高×中组配的则是63.6％,值得注意的是在穗粒重等四个穗部性状上以双亲均为高×高极端方式组配的为数不多,而以高、中、低混合方式组配的高达70％。纵观所有性状,高×中居多,高×高次之。故笔者认为,要获得高S·c·a组合,必须结合具体性状决选亲本,对于株穗数和百粒重,双亲G·c·a都高为宜,对于其它性状所选亲本之一必须是G·c·a高的才行。另外,为了更适宜于杂交育种选育纯系品种,除了强调双亲或双亲之一G·c·a要高外,还要按照G·c·a效应大,S·c·a方差小的原则选配亲本。本试验中陕合六号和庆丰一号分别属于株、穗两个不同类型的优良材料,9615—11的综合性状好,在杂交育种中,?
The author uses the 1 / 2P (P + 1) double-row design, select the Griffing method Ⅱ model and Hayman Wr and Vr regression method and the sum of difference variance method, under dry land conditions eight dry land wheat cultivars in different ecological regions ten Combining ability of a single plant yield traits and genetic models, the results are reported below. 1 hybrid ability parents G · c · a high, whether the combination of high S · c · a combination, but also subject to specific traits. The analysis of combining ability showed that there were significant differences in F_1 between different parents with the same trait. The same parent showed multiple high G · c · a · combinations of the top five high S · c · a traits in different traits. Spike under the pitch and the number of panicle spike, parents G · c · a with high × high with 63.6% of the composition, and in the number of grains, grain weight and grain weight on the high × medium with the group is 63.6%. It is worth noting that there are only a few of the four panicle traits in which the parents are high × high extreme, but up to 70% in the high, medium and low hybrids. Throughout all traits, high × in the majority, high × high. Therefore, in the author’s opinion, in order to obtain a high S · c · a combination, parents must be selected according to the specific traits. For the number of panicles per plant and the weight of their parents, G · c · a for both parents is high, and one of the parents selected for other traits Must be G · c · a high job. In addition, in order to be more suitable for breeding of pure lines of crossbred varieties, in addition to emphasizing one of the parents or parents G · c · a high, but also in accordance with G · c · a effect of large, S · c · a small variance principle Optional parent. In this experiment, Shanhaiguan No. 6 and Qingfeng No. 1 belonged to two different types of fine materials, respectively. The comprehensive trait of 9615-11 was good in hybrid breeding.