玉米根系的生长规律及其与产量关系的研究 Ⅰ.玉米根系生长和吸收能力与地上部分的关系

• 作 者: 鄂玉江 戴俊英 顾慰连
• 机 构: 沈阳农业大学,沈阳农业大学,沈阳农业大学
• 出 处: 作物学报
• 发表日期: 1988年02期
• 关键词: 玉米根系 产量关系 根系干重 初生根 玉米地 次生根 乳熟期 吸收能力 抽雄期 雌穗

玉米初生根和1～4层次生根发生于苗期,5～6层次生根发生于拔节至孕穗期,第7层以上气生根发生于孕穗至抽雄期。在玉米生长的每一时期中,均以当时较新发生的,较上层的根发挥较大的吸收作用。根系总的吸收面积和叶面积指数都随着整个植株生长而增长,而前者达到最大值的时间早于后者。玉米地上部干物质的积累在拔节后至乳熟前急剧上升,而根系干重的增长也类似茎叶,在乳熟后期达最大值,尔后逐渐降低。根系生长是一个地上部与地下部相互影响,相互促进的统一过程。

Maize primary roots and 1 to 4 layers of rooting occurred in the seedling stage, 5 to 6 levels of rooting occurred in the jointing to booting stage, the seventh layer above the air root occurred in booting to tasseling. In each period of corn growth, the greater absorption took place at a later stage than the upper root. The total root absorption area and leaf area index increased with the growth of the whole plant, while the former reached the maximum earlier than the latter. The accumulation of dry matter in above-ground parts of maize increased sharply before jointing and after milky ripening, while the dry weight of roots also increased like stems and leaves, reaching the maximum at the late milky stage and then gradually decreasing. Root growth is a unitary process of mutual influence and mutual promotion between aerial and underground parts.