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“高技术”一词是10多年以前产生的。它随着微电子技术和生物技术等新兴技术的发展而出现在社会科学字典上。这一词被熊彼特广泛应用于社会科学领域,尤其是在他的代表作《商品循环》中。当代熊彼特主义者认为,高技术主要表现在以下几方面:1.技术发展的起因是人们大胆尝试与创新的欲望,是人们为得到更高的利润而冒险采取一系列改革的行动;是一次次创新意识的进发,而不是因循守旧;2.技术的发展在性质上不是延续的,当今新兴的高技术与以往的技术形式根本不同;3.在科技发展的过程中,先有某些部门的一系列改革。然后由许多改革者推广新技术,使新技术认可,成为能获取利润的专利;4.技术的发展是一个“连续的不断的创造性的自毁”的过程。在这个过程中;主导部门的革新迫使其他生产部门逐渐过时,并使它们的生产下降;5.这种创造性的自毁也促使旧的社会制度趋于瓦解。
The term “high-tech” came about 10 years ago. It appears on social science dictionaries with the development of emerging technologies such as microelectronics and biotechnology. This term is widely used by Schumpeter in the social sciences, especially in his masterpiece Circulation of Commodities. Contemporary Schumpeterists believe that high technology is mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. The cause of technological development is the desire of people to boldly try and innovate. It is an action taken by people to take a series of reforms to gain higher profits. Time and again the sense of innovation, rather than follow the trend; 2. The development of technology is not the nature of the continuation of today's emerging high technology and the previous form of technology is fundamentally different; 3 in the development of science and technology, some departments A series of reforms. Then many reformers promote new technologies and make new technologies recognized as patents that can make profits. 4. The development of technology is a process of “continuous, continuous and creative self-destruction.” In the process, the reform of the leading sectors forced the other sectors of production to become obsolete and reduce their production; 5. This creative self-destruction also prompted the old social system to collapse.