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以不同产地茅苍术为试验材料,研究了人工模拟淹水胁迫对不同产地茅苍术植株叶片的生理指标、光合和叶绿素荧光特性的影响,以期为茅苍术耐涝品种的筛选提供理论依据。结果表明:随着淹水胁迫时间的延长,不同产地植株叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均呈先上升后下降趋势,其中SOD、POD分别于第2、6天达最高值;英山、信阳组CAT值均于第2天达最高值,而句容组于第4天达最高值,上升周期最长,且最高值最大;丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量均呈上升趋势,7 d时显著高于未处理组;随着淹水胁迫时间的延长,不同产地植株叶片的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均持续下降,7 d时显著小于未处理组,但各产地间差异不显著;随着淹水胁迫时间的延长,不同产地植株叶片的最大光化学量子产量(Fv/Fm)、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性(Fv/Fo)均呈下降趋势,句容组显著大于其他组,且淹水胁迫对茅苍术叶片Fv/Fo的影响比Fv/Fm大。有效光化学量子产量(Fv’/Fm’)、表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)、光化学猝灭系数(q P)和非光化学猝灭系数(NPQ)呈先上升后下降趋势,其中各组茅苍术Fv’/Fm’、ETR分别于胁迫第1天时达最高值;英山、信阳组q P、NPQ于第1天达最高值,句容组于第3天达最高值。通过TOPSIS法对生理、光合、叶绿素荧光指标进行综合评价,得出淹水胁迫下3个产地茅苍术植株耐涝性能大小顺序为句容>英山>信阳。
Atractylodes macrocephala was used as experimental material to study the effects of artificial simulated flooding stress on the physiological indexes, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of the leaves of Atractylodes lancea in different habitats. The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) increased at first and then decreased with the prolonging of flooding time, The SOD and POD reached the highest value on the 2nd and 6th day respectively. The CAT value in the Yingshan and Xinyang groups reached the highest value on the 2nd day, while the Jurong group reached the highest value on the 4th day, the longest rising period and the highest The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and free proline (Pro) increased at 7 d, significantly higher than that of untreated group at 7 d. With the prolonging of flooding time, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular carbon dioxide (Ci) and transpiration rate (Tr) decreased continuously, but were significantly lower than those of the untreated group on the 7th day. However, The maximum photochemical quantum yield (Fv / Fm) and the potential photochemical activity of PSⅡ (Fv / Fo) of leaves in different habitats tended to decrease with the prolongation of time. The content of Fv / Fo was significantly greater in Jurong group than in other groups. The impact of / Fo is greater than Fv / Fm. The effective photochemical quantum yield (Fv ’/ Fm’), the apparent photosynthetic electron transfer rate (ETR), the photochemical quenching coefficient (q P) and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ) firstly increased and then decreased, The Fv ’/ Fm’ and ETR of Atractylodes reached the highest value on the first day of stress respectively. The qP and NPQ of Yingshan and Xinyang reached the highest value on the first day, while the Jurong group reached the highest value on the third day. The TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the physiological, photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence indexes. The results showed that the order of waterlogging tolerance of three plants was waterlogged under the waterlogging stress of Jurong> Yingshan> Xinyang.