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肿瘤微环境中聚集着大量白细胞,其中主要成分为巨噬细胞,称为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophages,TAM)。TAM主要由血液循环中的单核细胞募集进入肿瘤微环境后分化而为成熟的巨噬细胞,具有不同于炎症环境中的巨噬细胞的特定表型及功能。TAM可分泌多种细胞因子,促进肿瘤生长、侵袭、转移以及血管新生;TAM也具有免疫抑制性,抑制适应性免疫应答,促进肿瘤免疫逃逸;TAM还可通过促进异常血管新生、影响药物在血液中的运输以及削弱肿瘤细胞凋亡信号等途径诱导肿瘤细胞耐药。抑制TAM的功能或清除TAM,可作为肿瘤免疫治疗的新方法。本文对肿瘤相关巨噬细胞及其在肿瘤中的作用进行综合阐述。
A large number of leukocytes accumulate in the tumor microenvironment, the major component being macrophages called tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). TAM mainly differentiates into mature macrophages by recruiting monocytes in the blood circulation into the tumor microenvironment and has a specific phenotype and function different from that of macrophages in an inflammatory environment. TAM can secrete a variety of cytokines and promote tumor growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis; TAM also has immunosuppression, inhibition of adaptive immune response and promote tumor immune escape; TAM can also promote abnormal angiogenesis, affecting drugs in the blood In the transport and weakened tumor cell apoptosis signal and other ways to induce tumor cell resistance. Inhibit the function of TAM or clear TAM, which can be used as a new method of tumor immunotherapy. This article describes tumor-associated macrophages and their role in cancer.